Table 1.

Sample characteristics.

	Typically developing youth	Youth with epilepsy
Age (in years)	14.07 (3.48)	14.19 (3.60)
Sex	14 male (35%)	14 male (67%)
Type of epilepsy	–	4 frontal 13 temporal 2 fronto-temporal 2 other (occipital, unknown)
Lateralization of seizure foci	–	9 left 10 right 2 bilateral
Age of seizure onset (in years)	–	7.36 (4.52)
Duration of illness (in years)	–	7.27 (3.79)
Presence of MTS	–	6 yes 15 no
Number of ASMs prescribed at time of scan	–	2.81 (1.29)

Note. For age, age of seizure onset, duration of illness, and number of antiseizure medications (ASMs) prescribed, values represent the mean (standard deviation). Estimates do not include youth with resections who were excluded prior to analyses. MTS = mesial temporal sclerosis. Two participants with FE had cortical dysplasias outside of the temporal lobe (1 frontal-parietal; 1 parietal-occipital); no other participant with FE had noted dysplasias or brain injuries associated with epilepsy (e.g., no history of traumatic brain injury, hydrocephalus, or intracerebral hemorrhage).