. 2021 Jan 23;118(3):716–731. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvab017

Table 3.

Effects of lipoproteins on thromboembolic outcomes in atrial fibrillation

Author, year (ref)	Study type	Population	n	Follow-up (months)	Finding(s)
Liu, 2020¹⁶¹	Retrospective	Non-valvular AF	2345	26	↑ LDL-C in low-risk: HR 2.60 (95% CI 1.26–5.37) for ischaemic stroke ↑ LDL-C in high-risk: HR 2.50 (95% CI 1.10–5.70) for ischaemic stroke
Yan, 2019¹⁶²	Retrospective	Non-valvular AF with low CHA₂DS₂-VASc score	595	NA	↑ Lipoprotein(a): OR 1.02 (95% CI 1.01–1.03) for thromboembolic events
Pol, 2018¹⁶³	Prospective	AF with at least 1 stroke/SE risk factor	14 884	23	↑ Apolipoprotein A1: HR 0.81 (95% CI 0.73–0.90) for composite risk of ischaemic stroke, SE, MI and CV death Apolipoprotein B was not associated with composite risk of ischaemic stroke, SE, MI and CV death
Qi, 2017¹⁶⁴	Retrospective	AF ± ischaemic stroke	815	NA	↑ LDL-C: OR 2.00 (95% CI 1.62–2.47) for ischaemic stroke
Aronis, 2017⁵⁴	Prospective	Community-based cohort	10 127	190	↑ Lipoprotein(a) was not associated with stroke risk in patients with AF
Wu, 2017¹⁶⁵	Retrospective	Non-valvular AF	2470	NA	↑ LDL-C: OR 1.27 (95% CI 1.08–1.49) for ischaemic stroke
Igarashi, 1998¹⁶⁶	Prospective	Chronic AF	150	NA	↑ Lipoprotein(a) was an independent risk factor for LA thrombus (standardized coefficient of 0.300)

AF, atrial fibrillation; CI, confidence interval; CV, cardiovascular; HR, hazard ratio; LA, left atrial; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MI, myocardial infarction; NA, not applicable or available; OR, odds ratio; SE, systemic embolism.