Table 2.

Risk of glioma and glioblastoma in NHS, NHSII, and HPFS by categories of cumulative average total alcohol intake, and separately for alcohol intake from specific beverages.

			All Glioma (n=554)			Glioblastoma (n=362)
	Grams Alcohol/Day	Approximate Servings/Week	Cases	MV HRab	95%CI	Cases	MV HRab	95%CI
Total Alcohol	0–0.5	0–0.25	179	Ref.		115	Ref.
	>0.5–2	>0.25–1	89	0.83	0.64–1.07	58	0.87	0.63–1.20
	>2–8	>1–4	137	0.85	0.68–1.07	90	0.87	0.66–1.16
	>8–15	>4–7.5	69	0.75	0.56–0.99	44	0.73	0.51–1.05
	>15	>7.5	80	0.71	0.53–0.96	55	0.77	0.54–1.10
Beer	0–0.5	0–0.25	385	Ref.		241	Ref.
	>0.5–2	>0.25–1	77	0.98	0.77–1.25	58	1.00	0.75–1.35
	>2–8	>1–4	66	1.14	0.87–1.51	45	1.20	0.85–1.67
	>8	>4	26	1.00	0.66–1.52	18	1.22	0.74–2.01
Red Wine	0–0.5	0–0.25	357	Ref.		226	Ref.
	>0.5–2	>0.25–1	117	0.96	0.77–1.18	86	1.12	0.87–1.44
	>2–8	>1–4	68	0.89	0.68–1.16	38	0.77	0.54–1.10
	>8	>4	12	0.98	0.54–1.76	12	1.46	0.80–2.66
White Wine	0–0.5	0–0.25	310	Ref.		198	Ref.
	>0.5–2	>0.25–1	148	0.95	0.78–1.16	103	1.05	0.82–1.34
	>2–8	>1–4	76	0.76	0.59–0.98	46	0.74	0.53–1.03
	>8	>4	20	0.92	0.58–1.45	15	1.16	0.67–1.99
Total Wine	0–0.5	0–0.25	247	Ref.		155	Ref.
	>0.5–2	>0.25–1	154	0.99	0.80–1.21	103	1.07	0.83–1.38
	>2–8	>1–4	103	0.79	0.62–1.00	67	0.82	0.61–1.10
	>8	>4	50	0.90	0.65–1.24	37	1.04	0.71–1.52
Liquor	0–0.5	0–0.25	337	Ref.		218	Ref.
	>0.5–2	>0.25–1	96	0.98	0.78–1.23	59	0.94	0.70–1.25
	>2–8	>1–4	62	0.81	0.62–1.08	49	1.04	0.75–1.44
	>8	>4	59	0.92	0.68–1.24	36	0.85	0.59–1.24

^aAdjusted for age (months), calendar year, smoking status (never vs. past vs. current), BMI (<25 kg/m² vs. ≥25–<30 kg/m² vs. ≥30 kg/m²), and total caloric intake (quintiles).

^bCalculated by fixed effect meta-analysis of all three cohorts. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HPFS, Health Professionals Follow-Up Study; HR, hazard ratio; MV, multivariable; NHS, Nurses’ Health Study; NHSII, Nurses’ Health Study II;