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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2021 Mar 17;42(5):191–203. doi: 10.1002/bdd.2266

TABLE 3.

Literature reports and calculations of pharmacokinetic parameters of dexamethasone for different species

Reference Species Weight (kg) Unbound (%) Dosing route Dosea (mg/kg) Reported CL (L/h/kg) Reported Vss (L/kg) NCA CL (L/h/kg) NCA Vss (L/kg) Allometric regression CL (L/h/kg)
Yuan et al. (2015) b Mouse 0.02 IP 2.00 1.11c 1.46c 1.10 1.42 0.92
Varma and Mulay (1980) Rat 17.0 IV 2.00 0.18 0.97
Ogiso et al. (1985) Rat IV 1.52 0.34 1.19
Samtani and Jusko (2005a, 2005b)b Rat 0.23 15.3d IV 0.83 0.23 0.78 0.22 0.75 0.67
Wang et al. (2016) e Rat IV 0.25 0.22 0.86
Jia et al. (2018) e Rat IV 1.00 0.22 0.72
Watteyn et al. (2013) b Chicken 1.73 IV 0.30 1.38 0.93 1.17 1.00 0.52
Trenque et al. (1994) b Rabbit 2.65 21.9 IV 1.52 0.31 0.63 0.17 0.36 0.49
Wyns et al. (2013) b Pig 28.3 IV 0.23 2.39 2.12e 1.50 2.12 0.36
Toutain et al. (1983) b Dog 13.0 27.3d IV 1.00 0.38 1.07f 0.39 1.05 0.40
Greco et al. (1993) Dog IV 0.10 0.58 3.13f
Balis et al. (1987) b Monkey 6.75 30.0 IV 0.50g 0.33g 1.21g 0.33 1.18 0.44
Akabane et al. (2010) Monkey IV 0.25 0.27 NA
Mager et al. (2003) b Man 73.6 22.6d IV 0.08 0.24 1.19e 0.24 1.25 0.32
Toutain et al. (1982) b Cow 425 26.2d IV 0.10 0.15 1.13f 0.14 0.99 0.26
Al Katheeri et al. (2004a, 2004b)b Camel 475 25.0 IV 0.20 0.10 1.13 0.08 0.70 0.25
Al Katheeri et al. (2004a, 2004b) Camel IV 0.05 0.11 0.80
Cunningham et al. (1996) Horse IV 0.023 0.48 1.73
Soma et al. (2005) Horse IV 0.05 0.44 2.10
Soma et al. (2013) b Horse 524 IV 0.038 0.45 1.60 0.26 0.72 0.25
Haspel et al. (2018) Horse IV 0.007 0.46 2.18f
Knych et al. (2020) Horse IV 0.056 0.47 1.86

Abbreviations: 2CM, two-compartment model; CL, clearance; DEX, dexamethasone; NCA, noncompartmental analysis; PK, pharmacokinetic.

a

Dose expressed as DEX-free alcohol when DEX sodium phosphate given.

b

Dataset used for minimal physiologically-based pharmacokinetic and 2CM model fitting across 11 species.

c

Due to IP injection, CL/F and Vss/F are shown here.

d

Percent unbound values are from Peets et al. (1969).

e

Plasma concentration–time profiles in the literature were digitized and NCA used to calculate PK parameters.

f

Calculated based on PK parameters reported in the literature.

g

Converted from per body surface (m2) to per body weight (kg).