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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 21.
Published in final edited form as: Ultrasound Med Biol. 2019 Jan 11;45(3):846–858. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.12.001

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6.

Relationship between the FUS frequency and outcome of sonoporation experiments using PSNEs. The FUS parameters were fixed at 5 cycles, 6.5-MPa peak negative pressure, 250-Hz pulse repetition frequency and 100-s exposure duration. (A) Cell viability measured using a cell proliferation assay 24 h after focused ultrasound exposure (MTT assay) or immediately after the exposure with flow cytometry and PI staining. (B) Percentage of viable cells exhibiting uptake of mock biomolecule fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (20 kDa) after FUS exposure. (C) Uptake efficiency, which is the percentage of viable cells with uptake relative to the total number of initial cells, at the three FUS frequencies. FUS = focused ultrasound; PI = propidium iodide; PSNEs = phase-shift nanoemulsions.