Table 2.

Linear regression analysis to assess the impact of criminalisation of suicide and suicide rates in the world, by gender

	Univariate model			Adjusted model
	Beta	95% CI	P value	Beta	95% CI	P value
Total
Criminalisation of suicide	0.26	(−0.09 to 0.62)	0.148	0.29	(−0.04 to 0.61)	0.088
Religion (ref: Unaffiliated)
Islam				−1.08**	(−1.84 to −0.31)	0.006
Christianity				−0.34	(−1.07 to 0.40)	0.370
Others				−0.26	(−1.07 to 0.55)	0.533
HDI (ref: Very High)
High				−0.33*	(−0.63 to −0.02)	0.034
Medium				−0.13	(−0.45 to 0.20)	0.439
Low				0.03	(−0.28 to 0.34)	0.839
Unemployment rate				−0.02*	(−0.04 to 0.00)	0.042
Male
Criminalisation of suicide	0.16	(−0.22 to 0.53)	0.408	0.22	(−0.12 to 0.56)	0.205
Religion (ref: Unaffiliated)
Islam				−1.12**	(−1.92 to −0.33)	0.006
Christianity				−0.25	(−1.02 to 0.51)	0.513
Others				−0.17	(−1.01 to 0.67)	0.697
HDI (ref: Very High)
High				−0.35*	(−0.67 to −0.04)	0.028
Medium				−0.21	(−0.54 to 0.12)	0.217
Low				0.00	(−0.32 to 0.33)	0.986
Unemployment rate				−0.01	(−0.03 to 0.01)	0.339
Female
Criminalisation of suicide	0.48*	(0.11 to 0.85)	0.012	0.40*	(0.06 to 0.74)	0.022
Religion (ref: Unaffiliated)
Islam				−0.90*	(−1.70 to −0.11)	0.026
Christianity				−0.43	(−1.20 to 0.33)	0.263
Others				−0.30	(−1.14 to 0.54)	0.476
HDI (ref: Very High)
High				−0.21	(−0.52 to 0.11)	0.196
Medium				0.15	(−0.18 to 0.49)	0.366
Low				0.28	(−0.04 to 0.61)	0.086
Unemployment rate				−0.03***	(−0.05 to −0.01)	<0.001

Note: the dependent variable was log transformed.

*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.

HDI, Human Development Index.