Table 5.
Cognitive performance data outcomes from group × time interaction after a three-month follow-up study in the MIND diet group versus the control group.
| Outcome cognitive performance | Mean (SD) | F (1,35)α | p value for repeated measure ANOVAβ | Effect size (Partial eta squared)€ | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MIND (n:22) | Control (n:15) | Interaction term | Between group | Within group | Interaction term | Between group | Within group | Interaction term | |
| FDST | |||||||||
| Baseline | 7/09 (0.41) | 6.86 (0.41) | 35.515 | 0.039 | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | 0.116 | 0.659 | 0.504 |
| 3 months | 9.18 (0.29) | 7.20 (0.35) | |||||||
| BDST | |||||||||
| Baseline | 4.90 (0.31) | 4.26 (0.30) | 4.509 | 0.034 | ≤ 0.001 | 0.041 | 0.122 | 0.555 | 0.114 |
| 3 months | 5.81 (0.25) | 4.73 (0.20) | |||||||
| LNST | |||||||||
| Baseline | 6.90 (0.43) | 5.00 (0.36) | 23.101 | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | 0.421 | 0.623 | 0.398 |
| 3 months | 8.61 (0.29) | 5.40 (0.32) | |||||||
| SDMT | |||||||||
| Baseline | 42.68 (1.65) | 36.26 (2.85) | 33.231 | 0.008 | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | 0.184 | 0.700 | 0.487 |
| 3 months | 47.50 (1.52) | 37.33 (2.64) | |||||||
| TMTA | |||||||||
| Baseline | 39.90 (2.58) | 37.00 (2.47) | 11.070 | 0.984 | ≤ 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.000 | 0.309 | 0.240 |
| 3 months | 33.68 (1.57) | 36.46 (2.40) | |||||||
| TMTB | |||||||||
| Baseline | 88.50 (6.47) | 101.53 (12.88) | 2.048 | 0.256 | ≤ 0.001 | 0.161 | 0.035 | 0.327 | 0.055 |
| 3 months | 83.40 (5.87) | 99.06 (12.00) | |||||||
| AVLT | |||||||||
| Baseline | 5.81 (0.43) | 5.40 (0.52) | 10.485 | 0.067 | ≤ 0.001 | ≤ 0.001 | 0.092 | 0.662 | 0.431 |
| 3 months | 7.81 (0.38) | 5.86 (0.45) | |||||||
| Stroop | |||||||||
| Baseline | 113.04 (9.37) | 150.86 (16.70) | 2.434 | 0.011 | ≤ 0.001 | 0.128 | 0.171 | 0.393 | 0.065 |
| 3 months | 92.27 (6.27) | 140.33 (15.34) | |||||||
Mixed Model repeated measure ANOVA results of MIND diet group versus control group on cognitive performance after 3 months follow up. Abbreviation: MIND = Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, FDST = forward digit span task, BDST = Backward Digit Span Task, LNST = letter Number Sequencing Task, SDMT = Symbol Digit Modalities Task, TMTA = Trail Making Test A, TMTB = Trail Making Test B, AVLT = Auditory Verbal Learning Test. αF-value (df1 for the numerator, df2 for the denominator), degree of freedom for between-subjects, within-subjects, and the interaction term, βp value for mixed repeated measure ANOVA, €Partial eta squared for the ratio of variance associated with an effect. Significant values are in bold.