Table 4.

Multilevel linear regression model: baseline characteristics associated with the household food insecurity on the HFIAS

	Unadjusted model		Multivariable model
	Incidence rate ratio (95% CI)	p value	Incidence rate ratio (95% CI)	p value
18–24 years [ref: <18 years]	0.67 (0.46–0.99)	0.042
25–35 years [ref: <18 years]	1.08 (0.75–1.54)	0.680
>35 years [ref: <18 years]	1.88 (0.97–3.64)	0.060
Black [ref: Coloured]	2.50 (1.68–3.71)	<0.001	1.26 (1.16–1.36)	<0.001
1–2 child [ref: no children]	1.05 (0.73–1.50)	0.785
⩾3 children [ref: no children]	2.14 (1.09–4.19)	0.026
Planned pregnancy	0.68 (0.47–0.98)	0.042
Unemployed [ref: employed]	1.44 (1.00–2.07)	0.048	1.19 (1.12–2.27)	<0.001
Student [ref: employed]	2.15 (0.94–4.91)	0.068
Financial support from partner	0.67 (0.46–0.95)	0.027
Child support grant	1.56 (1.08–2.24)	0.004
Any social support grant	1.62 (1.13–2.33)	0.009	1.11 (1.04–1.18)	0.001
People/sleeping room	1.11 (0.95–1.29)	0.191
HIV-infected	2.02 (1.22–3.37)	0.007	1.10 (1.04–1.18)	0.014
⩽6 months post birth [ref: pregnant]	1.33 (0.90–1.96)	0.156
Miscarriage/stillbirth [ref: pregnant]	0.64 (0.17–2.47)	0.519
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score	1.03 (1.00–1.07)	0.051	1.05 (1.01–1.03)	<0.001
Psychological abuse	1.11 (0.68–1.83)	0.674
Physical abuse	0.91 (0.54–1.54)	0.725
Sexual abuse	1.08 (0.22–5.26)	0.928
Any abuse	1.04 (0.66–1.63)	0.872