Protein expression in control and SARS-CoV-2 autopsy lungs by immunohistochemistry.
a. SLPI protein localization in large airways of control (n = 4) (i) and SARS-CoV-2 autopsy lungs (n = 8) (ii). Quantification of SLPI protein-stained area in each submucosal grand and epithelium (iii). b. Fluorescent immunohistochemistry of NE (ELANE) and AAT (SERPINA1) in alveoli of control and SARS-CoV-2 autopsy lungs (i–iii). Quantification of each protein-stained area, AAT/NE ratio, and colocalization between AAT and ELANE (iv). c. Fluorescent immunohistochemistry of NE (ELANE) and citrullinated histone H3 (Cit H3) in alveoli of control and SARS-CoV-2 autopsy lungs (i, ii). Arrows showed colocalization of ELANE and Cit H3 (ii). Quantification of co-localization between ELANE and Cit H3 (iii). Histogram bars and error bars represent mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Scale bars = 100 μm (a); 20 μm (b); 50 μm (ci); 10 μm (Cii). Significance was tested for by Mann-Whitney test (U-test).