Table 5.
Author(s) & Study Aim | Study Population & Design | Study Outcomes |
---|---|---|
Kamel et al.
122
-Assess the clinical utility of CSP, QSART, SSR & AFT in detection of SFN related to glycemic dysregulation |
N = 52 n = 26 +SFN n = 9 T1D, n = 9 T2D n = 8 IGT M = 50.8 ± 2.6 yrs/age n = 26 Controls M = 48.9 ± 2.6 age/yrs Cross-sectional |
• QSART (Q-Sweat System; WR Medical Electronics, Stillwater,
MN, USA),) results showed a sensitivity of 58% &
specificity of 100% • Sensitivity of the Q-Sweat System may have been improved by limiting the sample to T1D & T2D participants & more rigorous evaluation of sensitivity • Q-Sweat System revealed an optimal specificty (100%) although suboptimal sensitivity (58%) |
Krieger et al.
123
-Evaluate performance of Sudoscan against QSART (Q-Sweat System) in diagnosing DPN |
N = 63 n = 27 T2D, +DPN M = 69 ± 4.8 yrs/age n = 20 T2D, -DPN M = 66 ± 5.8 yrs/age n = 16 MCs M = 64 ± 5.1 yrs/age Cross-sectional |
• Q-Sweat System could not differentiate between the 3
groups (+DPN, -DPN, MCs) • Q-Sweat System showed poor discriminatory performance |
Loavenbruck et al.
124
-Report a method that quantifies axon reflex sweating from individual SGs with nanoliter precision |
N = 72 n = 20 +Neuropathy (n = 11 +DM) Aged 45–82 yrs n = 52 AACs Aged 21–88 yrs Cross-sectional |
• Comparing +neuropathy to AAC groups, AUC of 0.90 achieved
for directly & indirectly stimulated rate/SG & total
sweat at the calf • AUC of 0.80 & 0.84, respectively, achieved for directly stimulated rate/SG & total sweat at the feet • AUC of 0.58 & 0.74, respectively, achieved for indirectly stimulated rate/SG & total sweat at the feet • Overall, SST shows impressive performance for quantifying axon reflex sweating from individual SGs with nanoliter precision |
Abbreviations: AAC, age-adjusted control; AFT, autonomic function testing; AUC, area under the curve; AUROC, area under receiver operator characteristic; CSP, cutaneous silent periods; DM, diabetes mellitus; DPN, diabetic polyneuropathy; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; M, mean; MCs, matched controls; QSART, quantitative sudomotor axon reflex testing; SFN, small fiber neuropathy; SG, sweat gland; SST, sensitive sweat test; T1D, type 1 diabetes; T2D, type 2 diabetes; yrs, years.