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. 2021 Dec 16;6(2):e10583. doi: 10.1002/jbm4.10583

Fig 8.

Fig 8

(A) The initiation toughness (Ki), representative of the energy dissipation mechanisms imparted by the mineral component of bone's ECM, was significantly greater in the diabetic group compared to the WT controls. (B) The toughening effect (ΔK), the difference between the Kmax and Ki, another means of expressing the energy required to propagate a crack, is also reduced in the diabetic group. (C) The cracking toughness (Kcracking) represents the energy required to propagate a crack through the bone and is significantly reduced in the diabetic group compared to the WT. (D) The work‐to‐failure (Wf), which represents the work required to propagate a crack to failure normalized by the area resisting the load and the span length, was significantly reduced in the MKR group compared to the WT.