Table 2.

Standard laboratory investigations

Investigation	All patients	Not frail	Frail
Haemoglobin (g/L)	109 ± 14	110 ± 14	108 ± 14**
Albumin (g/L)	39.9 ± 4.9	40.1 ± 4.7	37.6 ± 4.7***
Bicarbonate (mmol/L)	21.5 ± 2.7	21.3 ± 2.7	21.8 ± 2.6***
Sodium (mmol/L)	139 ± 5	139 ± 3	138 ± 6**
Potassium (mmol/L)	5.1 ± 0.7	5.8 ± 0.7	4.9 ± 0.7***
Calcium (mmol/L)	2.31 ± 0.17	2.30 ± 0.17	2.34 ± 0.16***
Phosphate (mmol/L), median (IQR)	1.63 (1.32–1.99)	1.72 (1.41–2.1)	1.52 (1.23–1.84)***
CRP (mg/L), median (IQR)	4 (1–13)	5 (2–11)	8 (3–20)***
NT-proBNP (ng/L), median (IQR)	3830 (1524–12 130)	3161 (1032–9223	3985 (1426–13 079)**
Cholesterol (mmol/L), median (IQR)	3.9 (3.1–4.4)	3.8 (3.1–4.5)	3.5 (2.0–4.2)***
Glucose (mmol/L), median (IQR)	6.1 (5.1–7.5)	6.3 (5.3–7.9)	7.1 (5.7–9.2)***
Urea (mmol/L)	20.0 ± 6.5	20.6 ± 6.3	18.8 ± 6.4***
Creatinine (µmol/L), median (IQR)	740 (572–978)	794 (631–990)	611 (490–735)***
GNRI	98.4 ± 8.0	100.2 ± 7.5	96.1 ± 8.0***
ECW/TBW	0.396 ± 0.018	0.390 ± 0.019	0.405 ±0.017***

Values expressed as mean ± SD unless stated otherwise.

**P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 female versus male.