Table 3.

Nanotechnology-based delivery system for CRISPR/Cas9

Delivery system	Cargo options	Advantages	Disadvantages
Lipid nanoparticles	RNP plasmid DNA RNP complex Cas9 mRNA sgRNA Donor DNA	High biocompatibility Low immunogenicity Reduce off-target effects Can be mass produced Low cost	Degradation in vivo
Polymer nanoparticles	RNP plasmid DNA RNP complex Cas9 mRNA sgRNA Donor DNA	High biocompatibility Low immunogenicity Reduce off-target effects Can be mass produced Low cost	Toxicity Limited delivery efficiency
Golden nanoparticles	RNP plasmid DNA RNP complex Cas9 mRNA sgRNA Donor DNA	High biocompatibility Low immunogenicity Reduce off-target effects Can be mass produced Low cost	Limited delivery efficiency