Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants in the three feeding groups in the intention-to-treat population
| Characteristic | Experimental group (n = 144) |
Control group (n = 145) |
Breastfed group (n = 60) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at enrollment, days | 6.8 (3.98) | 6.7 (3.80) | 4.8 (3.83) |
| Sex, % male | 47.9% | 46.9% | 41.7% |
| Days breastfed since birth | 3.3 (2.95) | 4.4 (3.53) | 4.8 (3.83) |
| Days fed formula since birth | 6.3 (3.78) | 6.3 (3.91) | N/A |
| Race, % Caucasian | 97.9% | 95.2% | 90.0% |
| Gestational age, weeks | 39.3 (1.17) | 39.1 (1.03) | 39.3 (1.02) |
| Delivery method, % Caesarean | 33.3% | 33.8% | 20.0% |
| Birth weight, kg | 3.3 (0.44) | 3.4 (0.42) | 3.4 (0.43) |
| Birth length, cm | 49.8 (1.71) | 50.0 (2.02) | 50.2 (2.04) |
| Birth head circumference, cm | 34.4 (1.42) | 34.3 (1.37) | 34.6 (1.28) |
| Mother’s age, years | 31.0 (5.42) | 30.9 (5.73) | 30.9 (4.96) |
| Mother’s educational attainment, % completed college | 20.8% | 20.7% | 40.0% |
Data are presented as mean values (standard deviations) or percentages