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. 2022 Feb 21;23:71. doi: 10.1186/s12882-022-02669-y

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Mediation effect of patient empowerment between social capital and self-management. Path c indicates total effect of social capital on self-management, Path a * b indicates indirect effect of social capital on self-management via patient empowerment, Path c' indicates direct effect of social capital on self-management without patient empowerment. *p < .05, **p < .01,***p < .001