Table 2.
Cognitive assessment data.
| Cognitive domains and tests | Baseline preoperative testing | 6‐week postoperative follow‐up | Tests for change in domains |
|---|---|---|---|
| Verbal memory domain | 0.46 (0.89) | 0.12 (1.05) | 0.003 |
| Immediate RANDT gist | 7.20 (1.47) | 6.72 (1.75) | |
| 4–10 | 2–9 | ||
| Immediate RANDT verbatim | 10.54 (3.03) | 9.83 (3.39) | |
| 4–18 | 2–18 | ||
| Delay RANDT gist | 6.60 (1.86) | 6.21 (2.21) | |
| 0–10 | 0–10 | ||
| Delay RANDT verbatim | 8.92 (3.25) | 7.99 (3.47) | |
| 4–18 | 0–17 | ||
| Hopkins Verbal Learning Initial (3 Trial Sum) 1 | 23.90 (5.98) | 24.37 (5.79) | |
| 7–35 | 8–35 | ||
| Hopkins delayed recall 1 | 7.87 (3.59) | 7.94 (3.46) | |
| 0–12 | 0–12 | ||
| Hopkins delayed recognition 1 | 10.32 (1.90) | 10.08 (1.97) | |
| 3–12 | 2–12 | ||
| Visual memory domain | −0.07 (0.97) | 0.06 (0.93) | 0.060 |
| Wechsler reproduction immediate (3 trial sum) | 6.27 (2.83) | 6.85 (2.71) | |
| 0–11 | 1–11 | ||
| Wechsler reproduction delay (3 trial sum) | 5.65 (2.93) | 5.82 (2.90) | |
| 0–11 | 0–11 | ||
| Executive function domain | 0.08 (1.07) | 0.47 (1.01) | <0.001 |
| Digit symbol | 43.15 (11.74) | 46.10 (12.15) | |
| 10–69 | 0–67 | ||
| Trails Making Test Part A 1 | 45.32 (96.04) | 39.20 (42.84) | |
| 16–1028 | 16–450 | ||
| Trails Making Test Part B | 126.86 (105.17) | 98.88 (90.24) | |
| 32–600 | 26–514 | ||
| Attention/concentration domain | −0.18 (0.86) | −0.19 (0.86) | 0.822 |
| Digit span repeat forwards | 7.36 (2.03) | 7.62 (2.15) | |
| 2–12 | 3–14 | ||
| Digit span repeat backwards | 6.10 (2.34) | 5.77 (2.21) | |
| 0–14 | 1–12 | ||
| Cognitive Index Score | 0.07 (0.74) | 0.11 (0.75) | 0.175 |
Values are given as mean (SD). One hundred and ten patients completed each test at each time point, with the following exceptions due to test administration deviations or the inability of some patients to complete certain tests: Hopkins Delayed Recognition (N = 109 at pre‐operative testing), Digit Symbol (N = 109 at preoperative testing), and Trails Making test Part B (N = 107 at preoperative testing, N = 108 at 6‐week postoperative testing). The domain and cognitive index scores are based on the factor solution from a previous study by McDonagh et al and include multiply imputed values for the four patients with unobserved test values.
Not included in the prior study test battery from which factor weights were derived, so not included in cognitive factor analysis.