Table V.

Follow-up time: over 48 h network meta-analysis of the different interventions to alleviate the pain of DOMS (SMD (95%CI)

Ultrasound
0.83 (–0.59 to 2.25)	Hot pack
0.11 (–1.04 to 1.26)	–0.72 (–2.22 to 0.79)	HWI/WWI
1.04 (–0.62 to 2.69)	0.21 (–1.71 to 2.12)	0.93 (–0.80 to 2.65)	CWT
0.93 (–0.18 to 2.04)	0.10 (–1.37 to 1.58)	0.82 (–0.39 to 2.03)	–0.11 (–1.80 to 1.59)	PCM
0.70 (–0.81 to 2.22)	–0.13 (–1.93 to 1.67)	0.59 (–1.00 to 2.18)	–0.33 (–2.32 to 1.65)	–0.23 (–1.79 to 1.34)	Ice massage
0.07 (–1.12 to 1.27)	–0.75 (–2.30 to 0.79)	–0.03 (–1.33 to 1.26)	–0.96 (–2.72 to 0.79)	–0.85 (–2.11 to 0.41)	–0.63 (–2.25 to 1.00)	Cold pack
1.55 (0.23 to 2.88)	0.72 (–0.92 to 2.37)	1.44 (0.03 to 2.86)	0.52 (–1.33 to 2.36)	0.62 (–0.76 to 2.01)	0.85 (–0.87 to 2.58)	1.48 (0.02 to 2.93)	CRYO
0.19 (–0.65 to 1.03)	–0.64 (–1.92 to 0.64)	0.08 (–0.89 to 1.05)	–0.85 (–2.38 to 0.69)	–0.74 (–1.66 to 0.18)	–0.51 (–1.90 to 0.87)	0.11 (–0.91 to 1.14)	–1.36 (–2.54 to –0.19)	CWI
–3.50 (–5.19 to –1.81)	–1.81 (–2.92 to –0.71)	1.29 (–0.23 to 2.81)	1.42 (0.13 to 2.71)	–0.45 (–0.85 to –0.05)	–0.21 (–1.17 to 0.76)	0.12 (–1.37 to 1.60)	–0.09 (–1.46 to 1.28)	–0.60 (–1.74 to 0.53)	PAS

PAS: passive recovery; CWI: cold water immersion; CRYO: the novel modality of cryotherapy; PCM: phase change material; CWT: contrast water therapy; HWI/WWI: hot/warm water immersion). Statistically significant findings are in bold: when the 95% CI did not contain “0”, pairwise comparison of interventions is statistically significant, i.e., p-value < 0.05; when the 95% CI contained 0, pairwise comparison of interventions is not statistically significant, i.e., p-value≥0.05). SMD<0 indicates that the intervention in the column is more effective than the intervention in the line in reducing the level of pain; SMD>0 indicates that the intervention in the line is more effective than the intervention in the column in reducing the level of pain.