Table 1. Characteristics of snakebite patients admitted to Abdurafi field hospital between 2015 and 2019.

	Fav-Afrique (n = 149)	VacSera (n = 164)	EchiTAb-PLUS-ICP (n = 156)	No antivenom (n = 312)
Age (years)	24 (20–30)	24 (20–30)	26 (20–35)	24 (20–30)
Gender (m) n (%)	137 (91.9)	147 (89.6)	132 (84.6)	275 (88.1)
Bite site n (%)
Foot	65 (43.6)	109 (66.5)	119 (76.3)	158 (50.6)
Leg	16 (10.7)	10 (6.1)	4 (2.6)	29 (9.3)
Hand	54 (36.2)	42 (25.6)	27 (17.3)	103 (33.0)
Arm	7 (4.7)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	9 (2.9)
Other	7 (4.7)	3 (1.8)	6 (3.8)	13 (4.2)
Location of bite n (%)
Field	66 (44.3)	97 (59.1)	101 (64.7)	180 (57.7)
Compound	4 (2.7)	14 (8.5)	16 (10.3)	19 (6.1)
Indoors	3 (2.0)	12 (7.3)	3 (1.9)	18 (5.8)
Road	3 (2.0)	8 (4.9)	27 (17.3)	8 (2.6)
Missing	73 (49.0)	33 (20.1)	9 (5.8)	87 (27.9)
Context of bite n (%)
Working	55 (36.9)	98 (59.8)	74 (47.4)	168 (53.8)
Walking	7 (4.7)	37 (22.6)	47 (30.1)	46 (14.7)
Sleeping	12 (8.1)	11 (6.7)	21 (13.5)	26 (8.3)
Playing	3 (2.0)	12 (7.3)	8 (5.1)	8 (2.6)
Other	1 (0.7)	1 (0.6)	2 (1.3)	2 (0.6)
Missing	71 (47.7)	5 (3.0)	4 (2.6)	62 (19.9)
Suspected snake species n (%)
Echis	5 (3.4)	83 (50.6)	53 (34.0)	105 (33.7)
Bitis	0 (0.0)	2 (1.2)	34 (21.8)	3 (1.0)
Dendroaspis	1 (0.7)	8 (4.9)	0 (0.0)	6 (1.9)
Other	0 (0.0)	3 (1.8)	7 (4.5)	28 (9.0)
Unknown	26 (17.4)	60 (36.6)	60 (38.5)	102 (32.7)
Missing	117 (78.5)	8 (4.9)	2 (1.3)	68 (21.8)
Type of envenomation n (%)
Cytotoxic	2 (1.3)	17 (10.4)	51 (32.7)	113 (36.2)
Haematotoxic	0 (0.0)	14 (8.5)	15 (9.6)	6 (1.9)
Cytotoxic + haematotoxic	142 (95.3)	132 (80.5)	80 (51.3)	192 (61.5)
Cytotoxic+ neurotoxic	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	5 (3.2)	0 (0.0)
Cytotoxic + haematotoxic + neurotoxic	5 (3.4)	1 (0.6)	5 (3.2)	1 (0.3)