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. 2022 Feb 18;9:99–112. doi: 10.2147/JHC.S351038

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© 2022 Xue et al.

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The exosome-mediated chemoresistance between resistant and sensitive HCC cells. Exosomes transfer multi-drug resistance (MDR) transporters from drug-resistant cells to sensitive cells causing increased efflux of cytotoxic drugs via integrating MDR transporters on the cell membrane. Besides, exosomes induce increased anti-apoptotic signaling and DNA repair in the recipient cells.