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. 2022 Feb 22;13:994. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28640-x

Fig. 4. (Patient 11) AEC-VIZ and MI-VIZ hotspot concordance with the earliest source localisation solution (early-MSL) and resection margin across two seizures suggests an alternative surgical strategy.

Fig. 4

An alternative surgical plan is suggested by AEC-VIZ and MI-VIZ hotspots (left posterior temporal–parietal junction) from both seizures as opposed to the more discrete left temporo-parieto-occipital junction localisation given by the early-MSL solution. Both VIZ solutions overlapped the iEEG SOZ but lie outside the resection bed (magenta). The patient had a suboptimal surgical outcome (Engel III with fewer disabling seizures). It is possible that the concordant VIZ hotspots and the iEEG flag a more extensive EZ or a separate EZ network. Abbreviations: MEG magnetoencephalography, iEEG intracranial electroencephalography, ViEEG virtual intracranial electroencephalography, EZ epileptogenic zone, SOZ seizure onset zone, HDEEG high density electroencephalography, VIZ virtual ictogenic zone, MSL MEG source localisation, ESL HDEEG source localisation, AEC amplitude envelope correlation, MI mutual information, AEC-VIZ virtual ictogenic zone using amplitude envelope correlation, MI-VIZ virtual ictogenic zone using mutual information, NI node ictogenicity.