TABLE 3.

Respiratory muscle function and pulmonary function before (pre) and after (post) IMT.

	Intervention group, high-intensity IMT (n = 22)				Control group, sham low-intensity IMT (n = 19)				Between group comparison
	Pre	Post	Estimated mean difference (post–pre)		Pre	Post	Estimated mean difference (post–pre)		Multivariate effect
	Mean SD	Mean SD	Mean	95%CI	Mean SD	Mean SD	Mean	95%CI	p-value
Maximal inspiratory pressure, cmH2O	32 ± 12	47 ± 15	15	7; 24*	353 ± 11	48 ± 17	13	4; 23*	0.77
Maximal inspiratory pressure, %pred.	32 ± 14	47 ± 15	15	6; 24*	40 ± 15	53 ± 19	14	4; 15*	0.31
Forced vital capacity, L	0.83 ± 0.29	1.16 ± 0.48	0.33	0.07; 0.59*	0.99 ± 0.35	1.09 ± 0.50	0.13	−0.15; 0.41	0.08
Forced vital capacity, %pred	22 ± 7	30 ± 9	8	1; 15*	31 ± 13	32 ± 14	3	−5; 10	0.03
Peak inspiratory flow, L/s	0.98 ± 0.29	1.33 ± 0.48	0.36	0.14; 0.57*	1.04 ± 0.25	1.13 ± 0.29	0.08	−0.16; 0.32	0.06

Respiratory muscle function measured before (pre) and after (post) the inspiratory muscle training period. Post measurement missing for 1 patient in the control group. IMT, inspiratory muscle training; %pred, percent of the predicted value of the maximal inspiratory pressure; SD, standard deviation; CI, confidence interval. *Significance level: p-value < 0.05.