Table 2.
Radiolabeled antibodies/antibody fragments/ligands for imaging
| Agent | Target | Type | Stage | Clinical trials | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 89 Zr-Df-IAB22M2C | CD8 | Minibody | Clinical |
NCT03107663 (completed) NCT03802123 |
84 |
| 64Cu-NOTA-ipilimumab-F(ab')2 | CTLA-4 | F(ab')2 | Preclinical | 144 | |
| 64Cu-NOTA-ipilimumab | Antibody IgG1 | Preclinical | 144 | ||
| 64Cu-DOTA-ipilimumab | Antibody IgG1 | Preclinical | 145 | ||
| 89Zr-ipilimumab | Antibody IgG1 | Clinical | NCT03313323, 2012-003616-31 | ||
| 18F-FB-anti-MMR 3.49 | Macrophage Mannose Receptor (MMR) | Nanobody | Preclinical | 19 | |
| 64Cu- VHH4 | MHC II | Nanobody | Preclinical | 22 | |
| 64Cu-NOTA-avelumab Fab | PD-L1 | Fab | Preclinical | 146 | |
| 111In-labeled atezolizumab | Antibody IgG1 | Preclinical | 147 | ||
| 64Cu-DOTA-atezolizumab | Antibody IgG1 | Preclinical | 147, 148 | ||
| 111In-PD-L1.3.1 | Antibody IgG1 | Preclinical | 149 | ||
| 89Zr-DFO-C4 | Antibody IgG1 | Preclinical | 150 | ||
| 64Cu-WL12 | Peptide | Clinical | NCT04304066 | 151, 152 | |
| 99mTc-NM-01 | Nanobody | Clinical | NCT02978196 (completed) | ||
| 89Zr-envafolimab | Nanobody Fc fusion | Clinical | NCT03638804 | 153, 154 | |
| 18F-BMS-986192 | Adnectin | Clinical | 2015-004760-11(completed) NCT03520634, NCT03843515, NCT03564197, NCT03843515, 2018-002643-28, | 27, 155 | |
| 89Zr-durvalumab | Antibody IgG1 | Clinical | 2015-005765-23, NCT03829007, NCT03853187 | 34 | |
| 89Zr-labeled avelumab | Antibody IgG1 | Clinical | NCT03514719 | 156 | |
| 89Zr-labeled atezolizumab | Antibody IgG1 | Clinical | NCT03850028, NCT04006522, NCT04222426, NCT02478099, 2019-001197-28, 2017-003511-20 | 32 | |
| 89Zr-CX-072 | Pro-antibody | Clinical | 2016-002490-36 | 157 | |
| 64Cu-pembrolizumab | PD-1 | Antibody IgG4 | Preclinical | 158, 159 | |
| 89Zr-pembrolizumab | Antibody IgG4 | Clinical | NCT02760225, NCT03065764, NCT03446911*, 2015-004260-10, 2016-003819-36 | 158, 29 | |
| 89Zr-nivolumab | Antibody IgG4 | Clinical | 27, 30 | ||
| 89Zr-DFO-AN-18 | IFN - γ | Intact antibody | Preclinical | 113 | |
| 64Cu-DOTA-etanercept | TNF-α | Anti-TNF-α drug (Etanercept) | Preclinical | 114 | |
| 18F-FB-IL-2 | IL-2 receptor | Labeled cytokine (IL-2) | Clinical | NCT03304223, NCT04163094, NCT02478099 | 117 |
| 68Ga-Ga-NODAGA-IL2 | Labeled cytokine (IL-2) | Preclinical | 122 | ||
| 18F-AlF-RESCA-IL2) | Labeled cytokine (IL-2) | Preclinical |
122 160, 161 |
||
| 89Zr-Bevacizumab | VEGF | Intact antibody | Clinical | NCT01081613, NCT01338090, NCT01894451, NCT01028638, NCT00991978, NCT00831857, NCT00970970 |
*PET imaging using radiotracer is considered a secondary outcome