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. 2020 Sep 21;6:60–81. doi: 10.1016/j.xjon.2020.09.002

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Experimental and computational pulse duplicators. A, Customized pulse duplicator with electro-optical subsystem for measuring aortic valve projected dynamic valve area. B, Computer model of the aortic valve test section in the pulse duplicator with pericardial bioprosthetic heart valve (BHV) and reduced-order models of the upstream and downstream system components. C, Three-dimensional rendering of the model BHV leaflets. Leaflet kinematics are detailed on the highlighted cross-sections in Figures E5 and E6.