Figure E7.

Analysis of simulated leaflet kinematics for valves with different diameters under consistent operating conditions. A through C, projected dynamic valve area (PDVA) and tip displacements are obtained from the computational models for each valve diameter using volumetric flow rates and pressure loads corresponding to the 21 mm valve in Figure 2, A. D through F, Frequency analyses quantify dominant fluttering frequencies: D, 59.26 Hz; E, 32.88 Hz; and F, 26.32 Hz. These frequencies are identical to those reported in Figure 2.