Figure 4.

Linear regressions of fluttering frequency versus valve diameter and leaflet thickness under consistent operating conditions. Blue circles represent dominant fluttering frequency data from simulations with respect to (A) valve diameter and (B) leaflet thickness under consistent operating conditions. Linear regressions demonstrate that simulations show (A) negative relations between frequency response and valve diameter, with proportionality coefficient –5.65 Hz/mm, and (B) positive relations between frequency response and leaflet thickness, with proportionality coefficient 41.1 Hz/mm.