Figure E1.

Reduced-order models that provide driving and loading conditions. Three-element Windkessel (R-C-R) models are used at the downstream (outlet) for both cases. A, A three-element Windkessel model is used at the upstream (inlet) for simulations that use saline as test fluid. B, A more detailed upstream model is used at the upstream for simulations that use glycerin-based blood analog as test fluid. Because pump flow rate data are available for the experiments that used a glycerin-based blood analog, we are able to modify the pump flow rate to impose consistent flow conditions necessary for the study reported in Figure 7.