2. Summary of Disease activity: SLEDAI (0‐105) (individual studies).

Study	no. participants	placebo (SEM)	DHEA (SEM)	change vs placebo
Mild/Moderate
Chang 2002*	Placebo: 59; DHEA 61	‐1.4 (4.6)	‐1.2 (5.4)	p=0.7
Hartkamp 2004	Placebo: 30; DHEA 30	+0.3 (na)	+0.43 (na)	p=0.79
Nordmark 2005	Placebo: 17 DHEA 20			reported as "no significant change"
Petri 2002	Placebo 64; DHEA 100 63; DHEA 200 64			measured but not reported for all participants
Petri 2004	Placebo: 192 (146 reported) DHEA 189 (147 reported)	17.8% deteriorated	9.5% deteriorated	p=0.04 not reported for all participants ‐ only those with "active disease"
van Vollenhoven 1995*	Placebo: 14 DHEA 14	+0.79 (0.75)	‐1.71 (1.18)	p=0.09
*Summarised in Meta‐analysis
Severe
van Vollenhoven 1999*	Placebo: 10 DHEA 9	‐3.9 (1.4)	‐10.3 (3.1)	p=0.07
*Summarised in Meta‐analysis