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. 2022 Feb 19;19(1):313–332. doi: 10.1080/15476286.2022.2027150

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© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 3. — (A) Phylogenetic tree depicting the branching of the phi29-like phage genus into groups I, II, and III. Adapted from [176]. (B) Cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of the phi29 phage packaging motor. The prohead is grey. The multimeric motor components are labelled: connector (cyan), pRNA (magenta), and ATPase (purple). Adapted with permission from [178]. (C) Primary and secondary structure of the phi29 pRNA. Helices and kissing loops are labelled. The three-way junction (3WJ) is highlighted in grey. Lines are Watson-Crick base pairs. Dots are wobble pairs. Adapted from [181]. (D) Dimer of pRNA chimeras. A CD4-binding aptamer is teal, a survivin-targeting siRNA is magenta, and pRNA scaffolds are black. Intermolecular kissing loop interactions are indicated with dashed lines. Adapted from [190]. (E) The pRNA 3WJ assembles from three component strands: 3WJ_a (green), 3WJ_b (Orange), and 3WJ_c (blue). Adapted from [194]. (F) A 3WJ (black) is functionalized with a luciferase-targeting siRNA (purple), folic acid (FA; yellow square), and Alexa Fluor 647 (AF647; red circle). Adapted from [196].