Chevalley 2005.

Methods	STUDY DESIGN: randomised controlled trial LOCATION AND SETTING: Community (Public Youth Health Service), Switzerland DURATION OF SUPPLEMENTATION: 1 year DURATION OF FOLLOW‐UP: 2 years QUALITY ASSESSMENT: Moderate risk of bias RANDOMISED: States random but no description ALLOCATION CONCEALMENT: Not described or unclear BLINDING OF SUBJECT: Unclear DESCRIPTION OF WITHDRAWALS/DROPOUTS: Yes TYPE OF ANALYSIS: Available Data COMPLIANCE: Assessed CONFOUNDERS MEASURED: spontaneous calcium intake, physical activity,
Participants	N SCREENED: unknown N RANDOMISED: 235 N COMPLETED: 232 (1 year); 172 (2 years) M=100% F=0% ETHNICITY: CAUCASIAN MEAN BASELINE AGE (yrs): 7.44 BASELINE AGE RANGE (yrs): 6.5‐8.5 INCLUSION CRITERIA: healthy prepubertal, Caucasian males with spontatneous calcium intake below the 75th centile of a community sample of 990 boys EXCLUSION CRITERIA: ratio weight/height < 3rd or > 97th percentile according to Geneva reference values, presence of physical signs of puberty, chronic disease, gastro‐intestinal disease capable of inducing malabsorption, congenital or acquired bone disease, regular use of medication. BASELINE CALCIUM INTAKE (mg/day): 752 PUBERTAL STAGE: prepubertal
Interventions	1. Foods supplemented by calcium phosphate milk extract (850 mg Calcium per day) 2. Unsupplemented foods CO‐INTERVENTIONS: Nil
Outcomes	BONE MEASURES MEASURED: SITES AREAL BONE MINERAL DENSITY: distal radial metaphysis, diaphysis of radius, femoral neck, femoral trochanter, femoral diaphysis and L2‐4 vertebrae. BONE MINERAL CONTENT: total body, distal radial metaphysis, diaphysis of radius, femoral neck, femoral trochanter, femoral diaphysis and L2‐4 vertebrae. BONE AREA: distal radial metaphysis, diaphysis of radius, femoral neck, femoral trochanter, femoral diaphysis and L2‐4 vertebrae. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT: DXA FOLLOW‐UP ASSESSMENT POINTS(yrs): 0, 1, 2 OTHER OUTCOMES MEASURED: weight, height BONE MEASURES INCLUDED IN ANALYSES: AREAL BONE MINERAL DENSITY: distal radial metaphysis, diaphysis of radius, femoral neck, femoral trochanter, femoral diaphysis and L2‐4 vertebrae, mean at the 5 appendicular sites. BONE MINERAL CONTENT: distal radial metaphysis, diaphysis of radius, femoral neck, femoral trochanter, femoral diaphysis and L2‐4 vertebrae, mean at the 5 appendicular sites. BONE AREA: distal radial metaphysis, diaphysis of radius, femoral neck, femoral trochanter, femoral diaphysis and L2‐4 vertebrae, mean at the 5 appendicular sites. SUB‐GROUPS IDENTIFIED: physical activity levels and spontaneous calcium intake (defined by above and below median)
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment?	Unclear risk	B ‐ Unclear