Factors associated with successful PDX establishment. (A) Distribution of tumor site among successful and failed PDX attempts. (B) Distribution of cancer stage for the corresponding patient among successful and failed PDX attempts. (C) Distribution of tumor histology by Lauren classification among successful and failed PDX attempts. (D) Distribution of HER2-negative/unknown and HER2-positive tumors among successful and failed PDX attempts. (E) Recurrence-free survival of patients with early-stage disease and successful or failed PDX generation. (F) Overall survival of patients with metastatic disease and successful or failed PDX generation. Select patients had multiple PDX tumor samples harvested for PDX generation, and patients were considered in the success cohort if any PDX attempt resulted in successful engraftment. HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; OS, overall survival; PDX, patient-derived xenograft; RFS, recurrence-free survival.