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. 2022 Jan 24;14(1):e21552. doi: 10.7759/cureus.21552

Table 2. Table comprising data compiled from published case reports/case series on bradyarrhythmia's seen in patients with COVID-19 infection.

n/a: Data not available, HTN: Hypertension, DM: Diabetes mellitus, HLD: Hyperlipidemia, CVA: Cerebrovascular accident, LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction, CHB: Complete heart block, PPM: Permanent pacemaker, AV: Atrioventricular, CAD: Coronary artery disease, AS: Aortic stenosis, BMI: Body mass index, CMP: Cardiomyopathy, COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CHF: Congestive heart failure, MI: Myocardial infarction, OSA: Obstructive sleep apnea, CVD: Cardiovascular diseases, aVL: Augmented vector left, RBBB: Right bundle branch block, LAFB: Left anterior fascicular block, LPFB: Left posterior fascicular block, LAHB: Left anterior hemiblock

 

Reference No. Age    Gender Comorbidities LVEF and Troponin Intubation Day since admission when EKG changes noted   Baseline EKG on Admission EKG Changes Pacemaker       Outcome
   [4] 69 Female  HTN, DM, CVA, Asthma, HLD Normal No 8 Normal 2:1 AV Block, sinus arrest No Discharged
   [4] 83 Female  HTN, HLD Normal LVEF, Elevated Trop   No 8 Normal Sinus Arrest No Discharged
   [5]                              (Case series of 7 Patients)  n/a Males 3/7 Females 4/7 HTN 5/7, HLD 1/7, DM 6/7 Hepatic Disease/Cirrhosis 2/7 CVD 1/7, CKD 1/7 Normal LVEF in all patients Troponin elevated in 2/7 n/a n/a First Degree AV Block 1/7 RBBB 2/7, LAHB+RBBB 1/7 CHB  2/7,  Sinus Bradycardia and CHB with 1/7, 2:1 AV block 1/7, Sinus pauses/sinus arrest 3/7   Temporary Pacemaker 3/7 Permanent Pacemaker 4/7 Patients died 5/7 Discharged 2/7
   [6] 34 Male Bipolar Disorder, Hypothyroidism Normal Yes n/a Normal Sick sinus syndrome Permanent Pacemaker Discharged
   [7] 70 Female None Normal Yes 2 Normal Sinus Bradycardia No Discharged
   [7] 81 Male Ascending Aortic Aneurysm, OSA HTN Normal LVEF, Elevated Troponin Yes 4 Normal Sinus Bradycardia   No Discharged
   [8] 67 Male HTN, HLD, Ex-Smoker Normal LVEF, Elevated Troponin Yes 7 Sinus bradycardia with first degree AV Block Sinus pauses Transcutaneous pacing only Discharged
   [9]                            (Case series of 7 Patients)          n/a Males 4/7 Females 3/7 DM, HTN, MI 2/7  CHF 1/7                     Normal ECHO 5/7, LVEF < 50 2/7 Elevated Troponin 1/7 n/a 1 n/a CHB 5/7  Sick sinus syndrome 2/7 PPM in 5 patients with CHB   Discharged
   [10] 54 Male n/a Normal LVEF Yes 14 Normal CHB No Death while hospitalized
   [11] 58 Female HTN, DM, CHF LVEF 45-50 %, Normal Trop No 5 Normal Sinus bradycardia   Permanent Pacemaker Discharged
   [12] 72 Female HTN, DM Normal LVEF, Elevated Troponin Yes n/a n/a Sinus bradycardia CHB, Pulseless arrest Temporary Pacemaker Discharged
   [13 47 Female None Normal No n/a n/a Sinus bradycardia, Sinus pauses Junctional escape rhythm with AV dissociation No Not admitted in hospital
   [14] 42 Female DM, BMI > 30 Normal LVEF, Elevated Trop No 2 n/a CHB No Discharged
   [14] 62 Male HTN, DM, CAD, BMI > 25 Normal LVEF, Elevated Trop No 1 n/a CHB Temporary Pacemaker Discharged
   [14] 61 Male HTN, BMI > 25 Normal No 2 n/a CHB No Discharged
   [14] 64 Male HTN, BMI > 25 Normal No 2 n/a CHB No Discharged
   [15] 75 Female None Normal Yes 33 n/a Sinus bradycardia, Sinus pauses Permanent Pacemaker Discharged
   [16] 55 Female None Normal No 2 Normal Sinus bradycardia, Sinus pauses No Discharged
   [17] 50 Female BMI > 30 Normal No n/a n/a     Sinus bradycardia   Permanent Pacemaker Discharged
   [17] 65 Female HTN, DM Normal No n/a n/a CHB Permanent Pacemaker Discharged
   [17] 43 Female None Normal No n/a n/a CHB Temporary Pacemaker Discharged
   [17]   25 Male None Normal No n/a n/a CHB No Discharged
   [17] 60 Male HTN Normal No n/a   n/a CHB   No Discharged
   [17] 70 Female HTN Normal No n/a n/a CHB Permanent Pacemaker Discharged
   [18] 71 Female Parkinson Disease, Tardive Dyskinesia DM, Bipolar Disorder Normal No n/a n/a CHB Permanent Pacemaker Discharged
   [19] 38 Female None Normal No n/a n/a Sinus bradycardia, CHB No Discharged
   [20] 48 Male None Normal No 1 n/a CHB No Discharged
   [21] 36 Male None Normal No n/a n/a Sinus node dysfunction, sinus pauses/ sinus node arrest Permanent Pacemaker Discharged
   [22] 44   Male DM Normal  No 1   n/a   CHB No Discharged
   [23]                            (Case series of 6 Patients)   n/a Male – 3/6 Female – 3/6 HTN – 5/6   Normal LVEF – 5/6, EF – 45-50 % - 1/6, Normal Trop – 6/6 No 6, 4, 3, 4, 3, 3   Normal 6/6 Sinus Bradycardia 6/6 No Discharged
   [24] 41 Male Familial Mediterranean Fever Normal Yes 5 Normal CHB No Death while hospitalized
   [24] 77 Male None Normal   Yes 7 Normal CHB, sinus pause   Temporary Pacemaker Death while hospitalized
   [24] 36 Female n/a LVEF 30 %, Normal Troponin Yes 5 Sinus Tachycardia CHB No Discharged
   [25] 60 Male HTN, Non-Ischemic Dilated CMP, COPD HLD, Cocaine abuse LVEF-25 %, Normal Troponin No 1 LBBB High Grade AV Block w RBBB escape morphology No Discharged
   [26] 49 Male HTN Normal No n/a n/a CHB Permanent Pacemaker Discharged
   [27] 41 Male DM Normal No 2 Normal Paroxysmal AV block, Sinus arrest Permanent Pacemaker Discharged
   [28] 53 Male None   Mildly impaired LVEF, Normal Troponin No 7 Normal Type 2 AV block (Mobitz 2), CHB, High Degree AV Block Permanent Pacemaker Discharged
   [29] 23 Male Stage 3b Hodgkin’s Lymphoma LVEF 35-40 %, Elevated Troponin No 1 Sinus Tachycardia with RBBB CHB Temporary Pacemaker Discharged
   [30] 74 Female DM Normal Troponin Declined by patient n/a RBBB w LAFB RBBB w LPFB, 2nd Degree AV Block (Mobitz Type 2)   Declined by patient Death while hospitalized
   [31] 82 Male HTN, CVA Normal Troponin Yes 1 Normal CHB No Death while hospitalized
   [31] 55 Male None Normal Troponin initially later becoming Elevated, RH strain of bedside ECHO Yes 6 RBBB, ST depressions at inferior leads Present at baseline 2:1 AV Block No Discharged
   [31] 43 Male None Normal Yes 24 Normal CHB No Discharged
   [32] 56 Male DM Normal No 3 Normal CHB Temporary pacemaker Discharged
   [32] 48 Male HTN Normal No 5 T wave inversions V1-V2 CHB No Discharged
   [32] 57 Female None Normal No n/a Normal CHB Temporary Pacemaker Discharged
   [32] 42 Female DM Normal No 3 T wave inversions lead 1, aVl and V2 CHB Temporary Pacemaker Discharged
   [33] 55 Male Hypothyroidism, BMI > 30 n/a No 1 Normal Sinus Bradycardia No Discharged
   [33] 60 Female None n/a No 1 Normal Sinus Bradycardia No Discharged
   [33] 78 Female Hypothyroidism, CAD, HTN, HLD, BMI > 25 n/a No 4 Normal Sinus Bradycardia No Discharged
   [33] 73 Male CAD, HTN, HLD, AS, BMI >35 n/a No 4 Normal Sinus Bradycardia No Discharged