Table 1. Baseline demographics and clinical features of the overall young population hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 related infection, and of the two subgroups categorized in low (LRRS, 0–2) and high (HRRS, 3–6) radiological risk score.
| Overall Population (n = 51) | Low radiological risk score (LRRS) (n = 41) | High radiological risk score (HRRS) (n = 10) | p Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male–n (%) | 30 (59) | 24 (59) | 6 (60) | 0.33 | |
| Age at admission–years | 43 (34–48) | 41 (32–48) | 45.5 (43–49) | 0.04 | |
| Race (ethnicity)–n (%) | |||||
| • Caucasian | 37 (72) | 28 (68) | 9 (90) | 0.72 | |
| • Asian | 4 (8) | 4 (10) | 0 (0) | ||
| • Black | 8 (16) | 7 (17) | 1 (10) | ||
| • Other | 2 (4) | 2 (5) | 0 (0) | ||
| Smoking history–pack years | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | 0.37 | |
| • Current–n (%) | 6 (12) | 5 (12) | 1 (10) | 0.39 | |
| • Former–n (%) | 7 (14) | 7 (17) | 0 (0) | ||
| • Nonsmokers–n (%) | 38 (74) | 29 (71) | 9 (90) | ||
| BMI (kg/m^2) | 26 (22.6–29.5) | 24.7 (22.2–27.9) | 28.6 (27–30) | 0.03 | |
| BMI ≥ 25 –n (%) | 28 (55) | 19 (46) | 9 (90) | 0.03 | |
| Time from symptoms onset to CXR–days | 5 (2–7) | 4 (2–6) | 5.5 (3–8) | 0.40 | |
| Hospitalization—days | 7 (3–12) | 6 (3–10) | 13 (7–23) | 0.005 | |
| Comorbidities—n (%) | |||||
| • Asthma | 3 (6) | 2 (5) | 1 (10) | 0.48 | |
| • Hypertension | 9 (18) | 8 (20) | 1 (10) | 0.66 | |
| • Diabetes type II | 5 (10) | 3 (7) | 2 (20) | 0.25 | |
| • HIV | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.00 | |
| Febrile† at ED presentation–n(%) | 43 (84) | 33 (80) | 10 (100) | 0.33 | |
| P/F ratio | 398 (316–425) | 400 (336–429) | 302 (188–391) | 0.02 | |
| High-intensity medical care‡ –n(%) | 8 (16) | 6 (15) | 2 (20) | 0.50 | |
| Invasive ventilation–n(%) | 3 (6) | 2 (5) | 1 (10) | 0.48 | |
| Dead–n (%) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 1 (10) | 0.19 | |
Values are expressed as numbers and (%) or median and Q1 –Q3, as appropriate. To compare demographic between LRRS and HRRS, χ2 and Fisher’s exact test (n < 5) for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables were used. p values in bold (< .05) show significance.
BMI = body mass index; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; CXR = chest radiography; P/F.ratio = arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen.
† febrile is defined by temperature over 38°C.
‡high-intensity medical care is defined as the necessity of at least one between invasive/non-invasive ventilation or high-flow nasal cannula.