Fig 3. Four concurrent functional networks in visual cortex.

(a) Laminar input and output strengths (loadings) for the 2 FF and 2 FB networks. Blue stars indicate layers with larger amplitude than the uniform distribution, calculated based on 95% confidence interval. (b) Frequency distributions of each network. (c) Temporal dynamics per network, as percentage of change compared to prestimulus period, calculated from temporal loadings. Shading indicates statistically significant increases from baseline. (d) Functional hierarchy scores calculated from between-area connectivity loadings (see Methods). The higher and lower limits of box plots indicate bootstrapped 25 and 75 quantiles of the hierarchy scores, and whiskers indicate extreme values excluding outliers. For a, b, and c, error bars and gray shading indicate SDs over bootstraps (n = 500). Underlying data: https://osf.io/pqf7z. FB, feedback; FF, feedforward.