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. 2022 Feb 19;16:435–466. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S330947

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© 2022 Wu et al.

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(A) The effect of SX on the protein levels of AKT, p-AKT, NF-κB p65, p-NF-κB p65, PI3K in the rat’s joint synovial tissue (Mean ± SEM, n = 10). (B) AKT: *Compared to the Nor group, **P<0.01 (Mod group vs Nor group, **P=0.0015); ^#Compared to the Mod group, ^#P<0.05, ^##P<0.01 (GTW group vs Mod group, ^#P=0.029; SX 20g/kg group vs Mod group, ^#P=0.021; SX 40g/kg group vs Mod group, ^##P=0.0061); ^▲Compared to the GTW group, ^▲P<0.05, ^▲▲P<0.01 (Mod group vs GTW group, ^▲▲P=0.0085; SX 10g/kg group vs GTW group, ^▲▲P=0.0027). (C) p-AKT: *Compared to the Nor group, **P<0.01 (Mod group vs Nor group, **P=0.0051); ^#Compared to the Mod group, ^#P<0.05, ^##P<0.01 (SX 40g/kg group vs Mod group, ^#P=0.022; SX 20g/kg group vs Mod group, ^#P=0.038, GTW group vs Mod group, ^##P=0.0051); ^▲Compared to the GTW group, ^▲P<0.05, ^▲▲P<0.01 (SX 20g/kg group vs GTW group, ^▲P=0.024; Mod group vs GTW group, ^▲▲P=0.0039; SX 10g/kg group vs GTW group, ^▲▲P= 0.0086). (D) NF-κB p65: *Compared to the Nor group, **P<0.01 (Mod group vs Nor group, **P=0.0071); ^#Compared to the Mod group, ^#P<0.05, ^##P<0.01 (SX 40g/kg group vs Modgroup, ^#P=0.013; SX 20g/kg group vs Mod group, ^#P= 0.032, GTW group vs Mod group, ^##P=0.0081); ^▲Compared to the GTW group, ^▲P<0.05, ^▲▲P<0.01 (SX 20g/kg group vs GTW group, ^▲P=0.021; Mod group vs GTW group, ^▲▲P=0.0037; SX 10g/kg group vs GTW group, ^▲▲P= 0.0033). (E) p-NF-κB p65: *Compared to the Nor group, **P<0.01 (Mod group vs Nor group, **P=0.0042); ^#Compared to the Mod group, ^#P<0.05, ^##P<0.01 (SX 40g/kg group vs Mod group, ^#P=0.042; SX 20g/kg group vs Mod group, ^#P= 0.033, GTW group vs Mod group, ^##P=0.0076); ^▲Compared to the GTW group, ^▲P<0.05, ^▲▲P<0.01 (SX 20g/kg group vs GTW group, ^▲P=0.011; Mod group vs GTW group, ^▲▲P=0.0094; SX 10g/kg group vs GTW group, ^▲▲P= 0.0073). (F) PI3K: *Compared to the Nor group, **P<0.01 (Mod group vs Nor group, **P=0.0019); ^#Compared to the Mod group, ^#P<0.05, ^##P<0.01 (SX 20g/kg group vs Mod group, ^#P=0.039; GTW group vs Mod group, ^##P=0.0019; SX 40g/kg group vs Mod group, ^##P=0.0062); ^▲Compared to the GTW group, ^▲P<0.05, ^▲▲P<0.01 (SX 20g/kg group vs GTW group, ^▲P=0.0415; SX 10g/kg group vs GTW group, ^▲P= 0.0371, Mod group vs GTW group, ^▲▲P=0.0092).

Abbreviations: CIA, collagen-induced arthritis; GTW, Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablet; SX, Sidaxue.