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. 2022 Feb 16;2022:8603427. doi: 10.1155/2022/8603427

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Copyright © 2022 Zhang Yang et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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CPE-derived EVs promote autophagy and apoptosis. (a) EV morphology was observed by TEM. (b) NanoSight NTA (nanoparticle tracking analysis) of the EVs. (c) EV marker protein expression was measured by immunoblotting. (d) The interaction of fluorescent-labeled EVs and neurons under OGD/R conditions was detected by laser confocal microscopy. (e) Autophagy-related protein expressions in the cell model after coculture was determined by immunoblotting. (f) The viability of neurons exposed to OGD/R after coculture was determined using a CCK-8 kit. (g) The number of TUNEL⁺ neurons exposed to OGD/R after coculture was determined by TUNEL staining. ^∗p < 0.05 vs. the brain group or control group. ^#p < 0.05 vs. neurons treated with OGD/R+PBS (n = 3).