Figure 2.

SARS-CoV-2 S protein and ACE2-dependent infection of target cells by Ha-CoV-2

(A) HEK293T(ACE2/TMPRSS2) cells were infected with Ha-CoV-2(GFP) particles. GFP expression was observed 48 h post infection.

(B) ACE2-dependent infection of target cells by Ha-CoV-2(Luc). HEK293T(ACE2/TMPRSS2) and HEK293T cells were infected with Ha-CoV-2(Luc) particles. Luciferase expression was quantified at 24 h post infection.

(C) SARS-CoV-2 S-protein-dependent infection of target cells by Ha-CoV-2(Luc). Particles were assembled in the presence or absence of S or M + E + N. Luciferase expression was quantified at 4 h post infection.

(D) Requirements of M, E, and N for optimal infectivity of Ha-CoV(Luc). Particles were assembled in the presence of S and in combinations of individual proteins of M, E, and N. Luciferase expression was quantified.

Infection and luciferase assays in (B)–(D) were performed 3 times, and the mean and standard deviation (SD) are shown.