Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Dec 9;39(2):845–861. doi: 10.1007/s12325-021-01989-z

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 1 — Proposed modification to the therapeutic algorithm for a patient with symptomatic HFrEF following results from DAPA-HF and EMPEROR-Reduced [4, 66]. Reprinted with permission from Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, et al. 2016 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(27):2129–200. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehw128. ^©Oxford University Press. ^aNYHA class II–IV, LVEF < 40%. ^bUp-titrate to maximum tolerated evidence-based dose. ^cWith a hospital admission for HF within the last 6 months or with elevated natriuretic peptides (BNP > 250 pg/ml or NT-proBNP > 500 pg/ml in men and 750 pg/ml in women). ^dWith an elevated plasma natriuretic peptide level (BNP ≥ 150 pg/ml or plasma NT-proBNP ≥ 600 pg/ml, or if HF hospitalization within 12 months, plasma BNP ≥ 100 pg/ml or plasma NT-proBNP ≥ 400 pg/ml). ^eDapagliflozin and empagliflozin are the only SGLT-2is that have demonstrated significant and clinically meaningful reductions in both the CV deaths and worsening HF components of the primary composite endpoint in patients with HFrEF, both with and without T2D. ACEi angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, ARNI angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, BNP B-type natriuretic peptide, CRT cardiac resynchronization therapy, CV cardiovascular, DAPA-HF Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure, EMPEROR-Reduced Empagliflozin Outcome Trial in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and a Reduced Ejection Fraction, H-ISDN hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate, HF heart failure, HFrEF heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, LVAD left ventricular assist device, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, MR mineralocorticoid receptor, NT-proBNP N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, NYHA New York Heart Association, SGLT-2i sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, T2D type 2 diabetes