. 2022 Feb 17;5:414–422. doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.02.008

Table 4.

Measured (M) and estimated (E) total antioxidant capacity values of food combinations at the end of each digestion step and in their bioaccessible fractions, and the resultant interaction types (S: synergism, An: antagonism, Add: additive).

Food Combinations	TAC (mmol TE.kg⁻¹)
Food Combinations	Gastric phase			Intestinal phase		Colon phase		Bioaccessible fraction
BC + Flaxseed	M	19.62 ± 0.10^a	An	115.63 ± 11.00^b	S	2.50 ± 0.41^a	An	47.26 ± 0.44^a	An
	E	29.32 ± 1.40^b		56.51 ± 2.42^a		20.12 ± 3.83^b		53.62 ± 1.74^b
BC + Hazelnut	M	43.49 ± 2.29^a	Add	67.26 ± 8.34^a	An	55.71 ± 11.68^a	Add	30.29 ± 8.02^a	An
	E	57.94 ± 9.85^a		89.13 ± 3.03^b		43.67 ± 3.54^a		74.5 ± 0.22^b
BC + Milk	M	18.25 ± 0.29^b	S	180.19 ± 2.49^b	S	4.23 ± 1.71^a	Add	125.28 ± 0.87^b	S
BC + Milk	E	14.69 ± 0.20^a		159.43 ± 7.27^a		3.7 ± 0.21^a		105.45 ± 3.71^a
BC + Strawberry	M	161.37 ± 26.98^a	Add	181.11 ± 24.55^b	S	71.89 ± 17.25^a	An	60.77 ± 3.49^a	Add
BC + Strawberry	E	124.97 ± 7.36^a		94.31 ± 6.26^a		128.78 ± 23.22^b		65.76 ± 2.06^a
WWB + Flaxseed	M	19.89 ± 0.37^a	An	94.88 ± 9.76^a	Add	75.99 ± 1.63^a	Add	56.85 ± 6.54^a	An
	E	30.51 ± 3.47^b		113.35 ± 10.88^a		65.86 ± 12.73^a		78.54 ± 6.98^b
WWB + GTE	M	584 ± 151.16^a	Add	237.87 ± 18.89^a	An	1062.28 ± 50.39^b	S	201.71 ± 4.81^a	An
WWB + GTE	E	611.66 ± 70.41^a		748.36 ± 100.55^b		321.64 ± 19.17^a		519.13 ± 23.56^b
WWB + BTE	M	222.9 ± 62.98^a	Add	349.14 ± 67.18^a	Add	413.57 ± 132.26^b	S	132.31 ± 9.38^b	S
WWB + BTE	E	295.29 ± 30.05^a		332.27 ± 31.87^a		223.81 ± 38.28^a		106.98 ± 8.59^a
WWB + Wine	M	64.82 ± 6.31^a	Add	118.59 ± 39.57^a	Add	68.29 ± 8.42^a	Add	51.14 ± 8.20^a	Add
WWB + Wine	E	80.22 ± 17.09^a		113.37 ± 9.61^a		78.06 ± 7.29^a		67.97 ± 6.52^a
Milk + Flaxseed	M	69.99 ± 2.5^b	S	136.52 ± 19.61^a	Add	27.34 ± 10.01^a	Add	70.28 ± 3.07^a	An
Milk + Flaxseed	E	22.88 ± 2.28^a		155.78 ± 14.26^a		20.54 ± 3.67^a		155.12 ± 4.84^b
Milk + Strawberry	M	156.95 ± 3.98^b	S	241.04 ± 2.21^b	S	145.75 ± 22.11^b	S	199.39 ± 2.62^b	S
Milk + Strawberry	E	119.33 ± 7.99^a		174.46 ± 3.22^a		44.13 ± 9.33^a		147.5 ± 4.57^a
Milk + GTE	M	411.32 ± 35.47^a	Add	764.08 ± 4.17^b	S	517.21 ± 45.90^b	S	208.75 ± 0.47^a	An
Milk + GTE	E	473.09 ± 54.06^a		657.53 ± 51.29^a		211.23 ± 22.82^a		511.11 ± 6.05^b
Milk + BTE	M	423.84 ± 6.26^b	S	574.23 ± 85.53^b	S	496.35 ± 100.14^b	S	124.33 ± 9.48^a	An
Milk + BTE	E	227.02 ± 24.07^a		333.91 ± 2.13^a		135.14 ± 21.86^a		190.55 ± 5.58^b
Milk + Espresso	M	577.02 ± 1.67^b	S	178.76 ± 12.10^a	An	104.21 ± 5.84^a	Add	156.9 ± 4.69^a	An
Milk + Espresso	E	214.69 ± 15.18^a		268.71 ± 11.17^b		110.29 ± 2.65^a		178.97 ± 1.42^b
Cheese + Wine	M	122.12 ± 1.69^a	Add	209.52 ± 21.97^b	S	107.51 ± 15.21^a	Add	127.82 ± 13.87^a	Add
Cheese + Wine	E	118.88 ± 6.70^a		161.94 ± 9.84^a		99.34 ± 26.72^a		134.66 ± 12.36^a
Jambon + WWB	M	89.43 ± 3.36^b	S	186.27 ± 26.03^b	S	73.94 ± 14.28^a	Add	89.77 ± 5.49^b	S
Jambon + WWB	E	24.8 ± 1.81^a		133.64 ± 17.05^a		92.59 ± 15.94^a		79.9 ± 8.23^a
Jambon + Cheese	M	64.51 ± 6.95^a	Add	166.9 ± 23.57^a	Add	93.45 ± 7.58^a	Add	128.25 ± 15.20^a	Add
Jambon + Cheese	E	53.06 ± 5.34^a		169.23 ± 17.08^a		110.67 ± 7.90^a		128.33 ± 5.39^a
Jambon + Wine	M	70.57 ± 10.99^a	Add	176.98 ± 8.87^b	S	86.81 ± 0.42^a	An	102.15 ± 8.88^a	Add
Jambon + Wine	E	91.68 ± 21.94^a		129.07 ± 7.15^a		128.33 ± 15.41^b		81.81 ± 4.00^a

Results are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). Different letters in the same column of measured (M) and estimated (E) value pair for each combination denote statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) according to student t-test. BC: breakfast cereal, WWB: whole wheat bread, GTE: green tea extract, BTE: black tea extract.