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. 2022 Feb 10;15:806713. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.806713

FIGURE 7.

FIGURE 7

Quantification and comparison of different treatment groups of mice. Control group was subjected to intraperitoneal injection of saline (10 ml/kg body weight), and all other groups were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of Con-A (10 mg/kg prepared) and 30 min later were treated with intraperitoneal injection of fluoxetine (20 mg/kg body weight), diosgenin (100 mg/kg in body weight), blank solid lipid nanoparticles, and diosgenin solid lipid nanoparticles. (A) Graph of open field test showing comparison of total exploratory time (seconds) spent in the center square of box after 24 h of exposure with Con-A. Con-A–treated group showed decreased locomotory exploration when compared with other groups. Significant increase in locomotory behavior was observed in Con-A+Diosgenin (p < 0.01) and Con-A+Diosgenin solid lipid nanoparticles (p < 0.01). (B) Sucrose splash test. A significant difference was observed between Con-A vs. Con-A+Diosgenin solid lipid nanoparticles (p < 0.01) and Con-A+Flo vs. Con-A+Diosgenin solid lipid nanoparticles (p < 0.01). (C) Tail suspension test. Con-A group showed decreased mobility as compared with control group, which was not significantly increased in other groups. (D) Forced swim test. Con-A group exhibited decreased mobility while significant increase in mobility time is observed in other groups treated with fluoxetine, diosgenin, and diosgenin SLNP; Con-A vs. Con-A+Diosgenin (p < 0.001) and Con-A vs. Con-A+Diosgenin solid lipid nanoparticles (p < 0.001). (E,F) Social interaction test showing phase 1 and phase 2, depicting social interaction and preference respectively. Phase 1 shows measurement of social preference between empty cage (S0) and caged mice (S1) by treated mice in which every group showed significant difference to that of Con-A group, and phase 2 shows social novelty between known caged mice (S1) and new caged mice (S2) by different groups of treated mice in which significant difference is observed between Con-A vs. Con-A+Diosgenin solid lipid nanoparticles (p < 0.01). Error bars represent mean ± SEM for one-way and two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison analysis. Significant values: **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.