Figure 1.

The animal experimental schedule. Before mating, five-week-old ICR female mice were fed control LFD (10% kcal fat) or HFD (45% kcal fat with sucrose) for 5 weeks. The dams received the same diets during gestation. Dams fed gestation LFD received LFD or HFD, and dams fed gestation HFD received HFD during the lactation. The litters were adjusted to 10 pups per litter on the day of delivery. At weaning, three groups were produced: LL, offspring from both gestation and lactation LFD-fed dams; LH, offspring from gestation LFD-fed and lactation HFD-fed dams; or HH, offspring from both gestation ad lactation HFD-fed dams. And then, the male offspring from each group were selected to receive post-weaning LFD or HFD until they were 10 weeks old.