Pip5k1cPrx1cKO mice display low bone mass at adult stage.A, body weight of 4-month-old male mice. Results were expressed as mean ± SD; N = 8 mice for control, N = 11 mice for cKO. ∗p < 0.05, versus WT; unpaired two-tailed t test. B and C, gross appearance of femurs from 4-month-old male mice scanned by microcomputerized tomography (B), and the femur lengths were measured (C). Scale bar, 1 cm. Results were expressed as mean ± SD; N = 8 mice for each group. n.s., not significant; unpaired two-tailed t test. D, H/E staining of tibial sections from 4-month-old male mice. Scale bar, 200 μm. E, growth plate widths were measured based on the H/E staining of tibial sections from 4-month-old male mice. Results were expressed as mean ± SD; N = 8 mice for each group. n.s., not significant; unpaired two-tailed t test. F, three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction from microcomputerized tomography scans of distal femurs from 4-month-old male control and cKO mice. Scale bar, 250 μm. G–N, quantitative analyses of the bone mineral density (G), bone volume/tissue volume (H), and trabecular number (I), trabecular separation (J), trabecular thickness (K), cortical thickness (Ct.Th) (L), cortical area (M), and marrow area (N) of distal femurs from (F). Results were expressed as mean ± SD; N = 8 mice for control, N = 9 mice for cKO. ∗p < 0.05 versus control; Unpaired two-tailed t test. (O) Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction from μCT scans of skull from 4-month-old male control and cKO male mice. Scale bar, 1 mm. P–T, quantitative analyses of the bone mineral density (P), bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) (Q), and trabecular number (R), trabecular separation (S), trabecular thickness (T) of skull from (O). Results were expressed as mean ± SD; N = 8 mice for control, N = 9 mice for cKO. n.s., not significant; Unpaired two-tailed t test. U, μCT cross-section view of the suture of parietal and interparietal bones. V, superimposed cross-section image results for eight control mice and 10 cKO mice. W and X, μCT scans of L4 spinal vertebral body bone (W) and alveolar bone (X) from 4-month-old control and cKO male mice. Scale bar, 1 mm. Tb.N, trabecular number; Tb.Sp, trabecular separation; Tb.Th, trabecular thickness; BMD, bone mineral density; Ct.Th, cortical thickness.