Table 2.
Impact of disease activity state on damage accrual
| Univariable | P value | Model 1 HR (95% CI) |
P value | Model 2 HR (95% CI) |
P value | Model 3 HR (95% CI) |
P value | |
| Not on remission | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Remission | 0.471 (0.273 to 0.815) | 0.007 | 0.456 (0.252 to 0.826) | 0.010 | ||||
| Active | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| LLDAS/remission | 0.509 (0.282 to 0.920) | 0.025 | 0.503 (0.260 to 0.975) | 0.042 | ||||
| Active | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| LLDAS (not on remission) | 0.871 (0.374 to 2.027) | 0.748 | 0.878 (0.369 to 2.087) | 0.768 | ||||
| Remission | 0.444 (0.240 to 0.824) | 0.010 | 0.423 (0.212 to 0.846) | 0.015 | ||||
| Age at diagnosis | 1.003 (0.981 to 1.026) | 0.778 | 1.016 (0.990 to 1.042) | 0.238 | 1.017 (0.991 to 1.044) | 0.208 | 1.017 (0.991 to 1.044) | 0.204 |
| Gender, female | 0.637 (0.213 to 1.903) | 0.419 | 0.631 (0.229 to 1.738) | 0.373 | 0.653 (0.226 to 1.887) | 0.431 | 0.646 (0.227 to 1.835) | 0.412 |
| Educational level, years | 0.936 (0.847 to 1.003) | 0.189 | 0.877 (0.748 to 1.030) | 0.110 | 0.889 (0.756 to 1.045) | 0.155 | 0.879 (0.749 to 1.031) | 0.113 |
| Socioeconomic status | ||||||||
| Low | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Medium | 1.411 (0.759 to 2.622) | 0.276 | 0.882 (0.405 to 1.919) | 0.759 | 0.908 (0.410 to 2.013) | 0.813 | 0.871 (0.397 to 1.910) | 0.871 |
| High | 0.72 (0.418 to 2.263) | 0.948 | 0.337 (0.080 to 1.423) | 0.139 | 0.349 (0.090 to 1.514) | 0.166 | 0.340 (0.081 to 1.432) | 0.141 |
| Disease duration at baseline, years | 1.052 (1.011 to 1.095) | 0.012 | 1.062 (1.017 to 1.109) | 0.006 | 1.061 (1.016 to 1.108) | 0.008 | 1.064 (1.018 to 1.111) | 0.006 |
| Antimalarial use | ||||||||
| Current | Ref | Ref | ||||||
| Past | 0.983 (0.358 to 2.695) | 0.973 | 0.870 (0.281 to 2.696) | 0.809 | 0.921 (0.293 to 2.892) | 0.888 | 0.872 (0.274 to 2.780) | 0.818 |
| Never | 1.614 (0.259 to 10.051) | 0.608 | 1.629 (0.237 to 11.192) | 0.620 | 1.607 (0.234 to 11.026) | 0.629 | 1.601 (0.229 to 11.213) | 0.635 |
| SDI | 1.177 (1.005 to 1.378) | 0.043 | 1.044 (0.859 to 1.269) | 0.668 | 1.052 (0.863 to 1.282) | 0.614 | 1.038 (0.852 to 1.264) | 0.711 |
Model 1: remission versus not on remission.
Model 2: LLDAS (including remission) versus active.
Model 3: remission, LLDAS (not on remission) and active.
LLDAS, lupus low disease activity state; Ref, reference; SDI, Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index.