Table 3.

Impact of number of years on each disease activity state on damage accrual

	Model 1 HR (95% CI)	P value	Model 2 HR (95% CI)	P value	Model 3 HR (95% CI)	P value
Not on remission	Ref
Remission	0.554 (0.364 to 0.843)	0.006
Active			Ref
LLDAS/remission			0.458 (0.300 to 0.700)	<0.001
Active					Ref
LLDAS (not on remission)					0.343 (0.161 to 0.731)	0.006
Remission					0.495 (0.316 to 0.776)	0.002
Age at diagnosis	1.012 (0.986 to 1.039)	0.368	1.017 (0.991 to 1.042)	0.218	1.017 (0.992 to 1.043)	0.190
Gender, female	0.652 (0.232 to 1.831)	0.417	0.721 (0.266 to 1.954)	0.520	0.711 (0.268 to 1.890)	0.495
Educational level, years	0.868 (0.731 to 1.031)	0.108	0.876 (0.742 to 1.035)	0.120	0.878 (0.746 to 1.034)	0.118
Socioeconomic status
Low	Ref		Ref		Ref
Medium	0.964 (0.439 to 2.119)	0.928	0.969 (0.412 to 2.125)	0.937	0.959 (0.441 to 2.086)	0.916
High	0.323 (0.074 to 1.406)	0.132	0.383 (0.092 to 1.586)	0.185	0.398 (0.098 to 1.627)	0.200
Disease duration at baseline, years	1.058 (1.015 to 1.104)	0.008	1.064 (1.020 to 1.111)	0.004	1.065 (1.020 to 1.112)	0.004
Antimalarial use
Current	Ref
Past	0.904 (0.297 to 2.747)	0.858	0.877 (0.299 to 2.571)	0.810	0.886 (0.305 to 2.573)	0.824
Never	1.677 (0.238 to 11.825)	0.604	1.450 (0.187 to 11.241)	0.722	1.396 (0.184 to 10.602)	0.747
SDI	1.085 (0.902 to 1.306)	0.387	1.102 (0.914 to 1.042)	0.307	1.197 (0.916 to 1.337)	0.294

Model 1: remission versus not on remission.

Model 2: LLDAS (including remission) versus active.

Model 3: remission, LLDAS (not on remission) and active.

LLDAS, lupus low disease activity state; Ref, reference; SDI, Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index.