Table 4.
Results of assessments at different time points by group assignment
| All participants | Intervention group | Control group | |||||
| Mean (SD) | Median | Mean (SD) | Median | Mean (SD) | Median | ||
|
6 min walking test meter |
T0* | 397.5 (109.8) | 411.0 | 369.7 (126.3) | 325.7 | 436.4 (77.3) | 440.0 |
| T1 | 489.0 (95.5) | 490.0 | 483.9 (96.2) | 495.0 | 495.1 (105.6) | 458.8 | |
| T2 | 496.2 (116.5) | 507.7 | 511.9 (80.9) | 524.4 | 477.4 (157.8) | 410.0 | |
| T3 | 492.8 (134.6) | 475.0 | 542.4 (91.1) | 570.7 | 451.5 (158.4) | 380.0 | |
|
Hand grip strength†
kilogram |
T0 | 22.4 (7.0) | 21.9 | 22.2 (8.7) | 22.0 | 22.6 (4.7) | 21.8 |
| T1 | 24.1 (7.5) | 21.6 | 23.5 (6.4) | 21.6 | 25.0 (9.9) | 21.3 | |
| T2 | 25.2 (6.9) | 24.6 | 23.0 (6.0) | 23.2 | 27.8 (7.6) | 25.8 | |
| T3 | 25.6 (6.7) | 24.8 | 26.3 (5.9) | 24.8 | 25.1 (7.8) | 22.4 | |
|
Mediterranean diet‡
sum core |
T0 | 7.0 (1.9) | 8.0 | 7.0 (2.3) | 7.0 | 7.0 (1.4) | 8.0 |
| T1 | 8.4 (2.2) | 9.0 | 7.8 (2.1) | 8.0 | 9.1 (2.2) | 9.0 | |
| T2 | 9.0 (1.8) | 9.0 | 8.7 (1.0) | 9.0 | 9.3 (2.3) | 9.5 | |
| T3 | 9.2 (1.9) | 10.0 | 9.2 (1.6) | 10.0 | 9.2 (2.3) | 9.0 | |
|
Nutritional risk§
sum score |
T0 | 3.4 (1.1) | 3.0 | 3.5 (1.2) | 3.5 | 3.3 (1.1) | 3.0 |
| T1 | 3.1 (1.3) | 3.0 | 3.0 (1.5) | 2.5 | 3.3 (1.1) | 3.0 | |
| T2 | 2.4 (1.8) | 2.5 | 2.5 (2.1) | 3.0 | 2.3 (1.6) | 2.0 | |
| T3 | 0.4 (0.7) | 0.0 | 0.2 (0.5) | 0.0 | 0.5 (0.8) | 0.0 | |
|
Protein intake
gram per day |
T0 | 68.0 (13.3) | 64.8 | 65.8 (16.4) | 64.8 | 70.6 (9.1) | 68.1 |
| T1 | 89.6 (30.4) | 87.0 | 96.7 (29.4) | 90.3 | 78.2 (31.4) | 79.6 | |
| T2 | 104.0 (23.5) | 113.3 | 107.9 (18.1) | 113.5 | 100.1 (29.1) | 97.3 | |
| T3 | 89.3 (23.0) | 93.1 | 90.9 (9.1) | 93.1 | 87.9 (31.4) | 93.6 | |
|
Caloric intake kilocalories per day |
T0 | 1830 (382) | 1816 | 1860 (388) | 1987 | 1795 (409) | 1663 |
| T1 | 2237 (612) | 2439 | 2380 (429) | 2350 | 2010 (835) | 2439 | |
| T2 | 2237 (513) | 2439 | 2389 (372) | 2474 | 2147 (635) | 2071 | |
| T3 | 2206 (548) | 2355 | 2105 (398) | 2219 | 2291 (675) | 2387 | |
| HRQoL¶ | |||||||
| Global health status sum score |
T0 | 40.0 (10.5) | 41.7 | 40.6 (8.3) | 37.5 | 39.3 (13.4) | 41.7 |
| T1 | 55.6 (27.8) | 66.7 | 62.5 (20.4) | 66.7 | 47.6 (34.3) | 33.3 | |
| T2 | 59.7 (20.7) | 54.2 | 58.3 (14.9) | 54.2 | 61.1 (26.7) | 54.2 | |
| T3 | 65.8 (19.8) | 66.7 | 72.9 (8.0) | 70.8 | 61.1 (24.5) | 50.0 | |
| Physical functioning sum score |
T0 | 59.1 (25.1) | 66.7 | 54.2 (27.5) | 53.3 | 64.8 (22.7) | 66.7 |
| T1 | 69.3 (23.1) | 73.3 | 66.7 (23.9) | 76.7 | 72.4 (23.5) | 73.3 | |
| T2 | 70.6 (21.9) | 76.7 | 76.7 (12.5) | 80.0 | 64.4 (28.5) | 63.3 | |
| T3 | 78.2 (16.9) | 73.3 | 76.0 (17.4) | 73.3 | 80.0 (17.9) | 76.7 | |
| CRF** | |||||||
| General fatigue sum score |
T0 | 17.6 (5.3) | 18.0 | 18.6 (5.2) | 17.5 | 16.6 (5.7) | 18.0 |
| T1 | 14.9 (6.3) | 14.0 | 13.9 (5.1) | 14.0 | 16.1 (7.7) | 14.0 | |
| T2 | 14.5 (6.2) | 15.0 | 15.2 (6.1) | 15.0 | 13.8 (7.0) | 13.0 | |
| T3 | 12.8 (6.2) | 12.0 | 13.8 (7.2) | 11.0 | 11.8 (5.6) | 13.0 | |
| Physical fatigue sum score |
T0 | 18.5 (6.0) | 17.0 | 19.1 (6.7) | 18.5 | 17.7 (5.5) | 17.0 |
| T1 | 14.0 (7.1) | 15.0 | 12.3 (7.4) | 9.5 | 16.0 (6.6) | 17.0 | |
| T2 | 12.9 (5.8) | 12.0 | 12.0 (4.9) | 11.0 | 14.0 (7.3) | 16.0 | |
| T3 | 11.6 (5.9) | 9.5 | 11.0 (6.4) | 7.0 | 12.2 (5.9) | 12.0 | |
*T0 = baseline, T1=mid-chemotherapy, T2=after completion of chemotherapy, T3=1-year FU.
†dominant hand.
‡MEDAS.
§NRS-2002.
¶EORTC QLQ-C30.
**MFI-20.
CRF, cancer-related fatigue; EORTC, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer; HRQoL, health-related quality of life; MEDAS, Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener; MFI, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory; NRS, Nutritional Risk Score.