Table 3.

Mean differences in total health behavior scores (left) and total health factor scores (right) scores associated with race and individual- and neighborhood-level covariates and variances of random components for all REGARDS participants.^*

Total Health Behavior Score	Mean	SD	2.5%	97.5%	Total Health Factor Score	Mean	SD	2.5%	97.5%
Fixed Effects					Fixed Effects
Individual-Level					Individual-Level
Race (black vs. White)	−0.25	0.04	−0.33	−0.17	Race (black vs. White)	−0.29	0.04	−0.36	−0.22
Age (years)	0.23	0.01	0.21	0.26	Age (years)	−0.11	0.01	−0.13	−0.09
Sex (male vs. female)	−0.01	0.02	−0.06	0.03	Sex (male vs. female)	−0.08	0.02	−0.12	−0.04
Income (reference: < $20,000/year)					Income (reference: < $20,000/year)
$20,000–34,999	0.16	0.04	0.09	0.23	$20,000–34,999	0.06	0.03	0.00	0.12
$35,000–74,999	0.29	0.04	0.22	0.37	$35,000–74,999	0.17	0.03	0.11	0.23
> $75,000	0.48	0.04	0.40	0.57	> $75,000	0.28	0.04	0.21	0.35
Refused	0.35	0.04	0.26	0.43	Refused	0.15	0.04	0.08	0.22
Education (# of years)	0.17	0.01	0.14	0.19	Education (# of years)	0.10	0.01	0.08	0.12
Marital status (yes vs. no)	0.15	0.03	0.10	0.20	Marital status (yes vs. no)	0.02	0.02	−0.02	0.07
Neighborhood-Level					Neighborhood-Level
Physical activity resources density	0.00	0.01	−0.03	0.02	Physical activity resources density	0.01	0.01	−0.02	0.03
Walkability density	0.01	0.02	−0.03	0.04	Walkability density	0.01	0.02	−0.03	0.04
Favorable food stores density	0.02	0.01	−0.01	0.04	Favorable food stores density	0.00	0.01	−0.02	0.02
Social engagement density	0.00	0.02	−0.04	0.03	Social engagement density	−0.01	0.02	−0.04	0.02
Living in the Stroke Belt (yes vs. no)	0.10	0.14	−0.18	0.37	Living in the Stroke Belt (yes vs. no)	−0.01	0.13	−0.26	0.25
Index of concentration at the extremes	0.11	0.01	0.08	0.14	Index of concentration at the extremes	0.04	0.01	0.02	0.06
Random Effects					Random Effects
Precision for the total health behavior scores $(\tau =\raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{${\sigma }^2$}\right.)$	0.52	0.01	0.51	0.53	Precision for the total health factor scores $(\tau =\raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{${\sigma }^2$}\right.)$	0.74	0.01	0.72	0.75
Precision for unstructured state-level random effects $\left({\tau }_u=\raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{${\sigma }^2{}_u$}\right.\right)$	17.25	4.81	9.36	28.13	Precision for unstructured state-level random effects $\left({\tau }_u=\raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{${\sigma }^2{}_u$}\right.\right)$	19.40	5.13	10.95	30.97
Precision for structured state-level random effects $\left({\tau }_v=\raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{${\sigma }^2{}_v$}\right.\right)$	11.22	3.93	5.17	20.43	Precision for structured state-level random effects $\left({\tau }_v=\raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{${\sigma }^2{}_v$}\right.\right)$	11.86	4.04	5.79	21.49
Precision for structured race-varying state-level random effects $\left({\tau }_{\delta }=\raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{${\sigma }^2{}_{\delta }$}\right.\right)$	15.00	4.75	7.92	26.38	Precision for structured race-varying state-level random effects $\left({\tau }_{\delta }=\raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{${\sigma }^2{}_{\delta }$}\right.\right)$	15.72	4.66	8.32	26.45

^*REGARDS, Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke; CVH, cardiovascular health; SD = standard deviation; 2.5% and 97.5% are the lower and upper 95% credible interval limits, respectively