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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 24.
Published in final edited form as: Multivariate Behav Res. 2020 Apr 24;56(1):70–85. doi: 10.1080/00273171.2020.1736976

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Counting plots of two independent Poisson variables, without zero-inflation in the left panel and with 50% zero-inflation in the right panel. The population mean is marked by a blue diamond and the observed mean is marked by a red cross. The excess zeros shift the observed mean away from the true mean and induce a strong positive correlation.