Table 1. EC50 values for agonists and antagonists tested on HEK293 cells.

For NF-κB reporter luciferase activity, values <1nM indicate that NF-κB expression was less than 50% expression of untreated control cells even at the lowest concentration of inhibitor, while values >100,000nM indicate no decrease in luciferase expression was observed at the highest concentration of inhibitor. For cell viability, >100,000nM indicates that 50% cell death was not observed even at the highest concentration of inhibitor.

Inhibitor	EC50 (NF-kB reporter) nM	IC50 (cell viability) nM	Putative mechanism of Inhibition	Reference
Ro106–9920	<1	>100,000	LPS- and TNF-a induced IkBa ubiquitination	(Swinney et al., 2002)
TCPA-1	<1	> 00,000	IKKβ	(Birrell et al., 2005; Nan et al., 2014)
IMD 0354	292	1,560	IKKβ	(Podolin, 2004; Tanaka et al., 2005)
PF-184	901	1,230	IKKβ	(Sommers et al., 2009)
Pictalisib	4,266	7,470	PI3Kα/δ	(Folkes et al., 2008; Junttila et al., 2009)
BAY 11–7085	31,700	>100,000	IκB phosphorylation	(Koedel et al., 2000; Pierce et al., 1997)
Cardamonin	3,290	27,520	IκB phosphorylation	(Lee et al., 2006)
PSI	10	373	IκBα phosphorylation	(Traenckner et al., 1994)
Celastrol	82	475	IκBα phosphorylation	(Sethi et al., 2007)
Artemisinin	>100,000	>100,000	IκBα phosphorylation	(Wang et al., 2017)
Luteolin	35,000	>100,000	IκBα phosphorylation	(Kim and Jobin, 2005)
IKK-16	852	1,510	IKKα, IKKβ, IKK complex	(Waelchli et al., 2006)
CID 2858522	8,590	6,420	Protein Kinase C induced IKKβ	(Shi et al., 2010)
BAY 11–7082	16,930	2,730	IκBα phosphorylation	(Keller et al., 2000)
Piceatannol	>100,000	>100,000	IκBα phosphorylation	(Ashikawa et al., 2002)