Table 3.
Absolute counts and frequencies of CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, and CD4+ Treg cell subsets in the peripheral blood of healthy controls and PD patients
| Cell type | Subset | Patient 1 | Patient 2 | Normal age-related range (clinical laboratory) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lymphocytes | Absolute CD3+ | 2394 | 2830 | 850–3200 cells/µL |
| Absolute CD3+CD4+ | 1406 | 2065 | 400–2100 cells/µL | |
| Absolute CD3+CD8+ | 1178 | 766 | 300–1300 cells/µL | |
| CD4+/CD8+ ratio | 1.1 (L) | 2.5 | 1.5–2.5 | |
| B cells (CD19+) | 122 | 266 | 120–740 cells/µL | |
| % class-switched memory B cells | 2% (L) | 4% (L) | 9–26% | |
| NK cells | 1102 (H) | 133 | 7–480 cells/µL | |
| CD3+CD4–CD8– alpha/beta | 0.6% | 0.8% | <1.5% | |
| Normal range * | ||||
| CD4+ T cells |
CD4+ memory (CD45RO+) |
33.1 | 19.1 (L) | 23.4–66.5 |
| CD4+ TEM | 21.5 | 11.4 | 9.1–48.4 | |
| CD4+ TCM | 9.0 (H) | 5.3 | 2.1–7.5 | |
| CD4+ TEMRA | 2.1 (L) | 1.8 (L) | 3.0–13.6 | |
| CD4+ Teff | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0–2.5 | |
| CD4+ naïve (CD45RA+) | 59.1 | 74.2 (H) | 21.2–62.7 | |
| CD8+ T cells | CD8+ memory (CD45RO+) | 77.3 (H) | 39.4 | 8.2–68.3 |
| CD8+ TEM | 30.0 | 14.7 | 0–30.7 | |
| CD8+ TCM | 2.6 (H) | 0.7 | 0.1–2.5 | |
| CD8+ TEMRA | 43.6 (H) | 20.7 | 8.7–29.0 | |
| CD8+ Teff | 2.4 | 2.5 | 0–29.4 | |
| CD8+ naïve (CD45RA+) | 15.2 | 54.6 | 8.3–83.9 | |
| T follicular cells | CD4+ CXCR5+ | 1.8 (L) | 2.0 (L) | 2.2–9.4 |
| CD8+ CXCR5+ | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0–4.4 | |
| Treg cells | Total Treg (% of CD4+) | 3.6 | 2.8 | 2.6–6.3 |
| Naive Treg (CD45RO–) | 27.1 | 38.9 | 15.1–49.4 | |
| Memory Treg (CD45RO+) | 57.2 | 41.8 | 40–82 | |
| T cell cytokines | CD4+ TEM IFN-γ+ | 37.5 | 9.3 (L) | 12.8–56.4 |
| CD4+ TEM IL-13+ | 3.0 | 6.8 | 2.3–7.0 | |
| CD4+ TEM IL-17+ | 1.8 | 2.4 | 1.0–3.2 | |
| CD8+ TEM IFN-γ+ | 55.2 | 35.5 (L) | 42.0–100 | |
| CD8+ TEM IL-13+ | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.2–8.1 | |
| CD8+ TEM IL-17+ | 1.7 (H) | 1.4 (H) | 0–0.9 | |
| Checkpoint molecules | CD4+ TEM CTLA-4+ | 22.4 (L) | 21.2 (L) | 24.5–43.7** |
| CD4+ TEM PD-1+ | 58.5 | 44.9 | 26.6–70.3 | |
| CD4+ TEM TIM-3+ | 3.7 (H) | 4.8 (H) | 0.4–1.8 | |
| Activation marker | CD4+ TEM HLA-DR+ | 20.2 (H) | 10.2 (H) | 1.5–9.4 |
| CD8+ TEM HLA-DR+ | 6.3 | 7.5 | 0–22.5 |
Information on the optimized antibody panels used for flow cytometry can be obtained by contacting the corresponding author. Numbers represent the percentage of cells comprising each subset or percentage of cells expressing the indicated markers.
TCM, central memory T cells; Teff, effector T cells; TEM, effector memory T cells; TEMRA, T cell re-expressing CD45RA; H, higher than normal range; L, lower than normal range
*The normal range is represented by mean ± 2 × standard deviation of n = 7 healthy controls, mean age ± SD 34.3 ± 4.9 years and ** mean age ± SD 54.8 ± 10.8 years. Treg cells were defined as CD3+CD4+CD127low/–CD25highFoxP3+.