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. 2022 Jan 29;11(2):274. doi: 10.3390/antiox11020274

Figure 9.

Figure 9

Effects of PI3K inhibitor, AKT inhibitor, GSK-3β inhibitor, GPR43 agonist, GPR41 agonist, Gi inhibitor and Gq inhibitor on p-PI3K protein expression (A), p-AKT/total-AKT ratio (B), p-GSK-3β/total-GSK-3β ratio (C), β-catenin protein expression (D), cyclin D1 protein expression (E) and CIECs proliferation stimulation index (F), Bax protein expression (G), Bcl-2 protein expression (H) and Caspase-3 protein expression (I). LY294002 is an inhibitor of PI3K; GSK-690693 is an inhibitor of AKT; CHIR-99021 is an inhibitor of GSK-3β; 4-CMTB is an agonist of GSK-3β; AR420626 is an agonist of GPR41; PTX is an inhibitor of Gi and Ym254890 is an inhibitor of Gq. Different letters show significant differences among the various treatment groups (p < 0.05). p-PI3K: phosphorylated PI3-kinase; p-AKT: phosphorylated AKT; p-GSK-3β: phosphorylated GSK-3β. CIECs: chick small intestinal epithelial cells.