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. 2022 Feb 21;11(2):281. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11020281

Table 3.

What-if analysis related to probability of colonization in feed, restriction on import of animals from countries with weak surveillance for CPE, and less strict biosecurity practice in local farms.

Scenario CPE Source Affected Parameter Changed Baseline Number of Introductions from Affected Source
(95% Range)
Changed Number of Introductions from Affected Source
(95% Range)
Contamination of E. coli in feed reaches concentration of maximum rejection limit according to GMP+ Feed EcoliconcF 767 (244, 1679) 775 (246, 1668)
The Netherlands only allows import of livestock from EU member states that sample ≥100 animals in CPE surveillance Imported livestock PCPEA 48 (4, 214) 14 (0, 58)
Lower biosecurity: companion animals have full access to livestock areas in broiler, pig, and veal calf farms Companion animals PbarnC 0 (0, 0) 2 (1, 7)
Lower biosecurity: non-compliance with hand hygiene Travelers and hospitalized patients Ecolihand 1 × 10−4 (9 × 10−6, 8 × 10−4) 4 × 10−3 (3 × 10−4, 3 × 10−2)